Ryder D, Lenton S, Harrison S, Dorricott J
Department of Clinical Psychology, Western Australian Alcohol and Drug Authority, Mount Lawley.
Med J Aust. 1988 Oct 3;149(7):355-60. doi: 10.5694/j.1326-5377.1988.tb120667.x.
A screening questionnaire was used to identify persons with alcohol-related problems in a general hospital and in a general practice. The questionnaire consisted of 16 questions about alcohol-related problems during the past 12 months, and two questions which assessed the quantity and frequency of usual alcohol consumption. The questions about alcohol-related problems led to the identification of more persons with problems than did the consumption questions alone. If the consumption questions only had been used to identify a high-risk group of consumers, and if all these subjects had been persuaded to reduce their alcohol consumption to a low-risk level, the reduction in the number of persons who experienced alcohol-related problems would have been modest. This is compatible with the phenomenon of the preventive paradox, and it is concluded that any screening questionnaire must include questions other than those about high-risk levels of consumption if it is to identify the majority of at-risk persons.
一份筛查问卷被用于在一家综合医院和一家普通诊所识别有酒精相关问题的人。该问卷由16个关于过去12个月内酒精相关问题的问题，以及两个评估通常饮酒量和频率的问题组成。关于酒精相关问题的问题比仅关于饮酒量的问题识别出了更多有问题的人。如果仅使用饮酒量问题来识别高危消费群体，并且如果所有这些受试者都被说服将饮酒量降低到低风险水平，那么经历酒精相关问题的人数减少幅度将很小。这与预防悖论现象相符，得出的结论是，如果要识别大多数高危人群，任何筛查问卷都必须包括除那些关于高危饮酒水平问题之外的其他问题。
