College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Chungnam National University, South Korea.
College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Chungnam National University, South Korea.
Food Res Int. 2019 Dec;126:108664. doi: 10.1016/j.foodres.2019.108664. Epub 2019 Sep 16.
Perilla (Perilla frutescens) is a commonly consumed herb with various health benefits in Asia. However, the risks of food-borne illness owing to the presence of pathogens on perilla leaves have not been evaluated. In this study, we evaluated the microbiota of perilla leaves harvested in South Korea using Illumina MiSeq sequencing of the 16S rRNA gene. In total, 2,743,003 sequencing reads were obtained, and 92-437 operational taxonomic units were observed in all samples. Bacterial loads were quantified, and the diversity indices were compared. Differences in the microbiota among sampling times and regions were also investigated. Proteobacteria and Firmicutes were predominant phyla at both times. At the class level, the bacterial communities were composed primarily of Alphaproteobacteria, Bacilli, and Gammaproteobacteria. Diverse bacterial taxa, such as Bacillus, uncultured family Enterobacteriaceae, and Sphingomonas were detected, and the representative pathogenic species (i.e., Acinetobacter lwoffii, Klebsiella pneumoniae, and Staphylococcus aureus) were quantified by qRT-PCR. The results of the co-occurrence network analysis showed characteristics of bacterial taxa in the microbiome on perilla leaves and provided insights into the roles of correlations among diverse microbes, including potential pathogens. Based on these results, the potential risk of food-borne illness from consumption of perilla leaves may be higher in July than in April. In summary, the microbial compositions determined in this study can be used as a base data for food-safety management for prediction and prevention of future outbreaks.
紫苏（Perilla frutescens）是亚洲地区广泛食用的一种草药，具有多种健康益处。然而，紫苏叶上存在病原体导致食源性疾病的风险尚未得到评估。在这项研究中，我们使用 Illumina MiSeq 测序技术对韩国收获的紫苏叶进行了 16S rRNA 基因测序，评估了其微生物群。共获得 2743003 条测序reads，所有样本均观察到 92-437 个操作分类单元。定量了细菌负荷，并比较了多样性指数。还研究了不同采样时间和地区之间微生物群的差异。在两个时间点，变形菌门和厚壁菌门都是主要的门。在纲水平上，细菌群落主要由α变形菌纲、芽孢杆菌纲和γ变形菌纲组成。检测到了多样化的细菌类群，如芽孢杆菌属、未培养的肠杆菌科和鞘氨醇单胞菌属，代表性的致病物种（即洛菲不动杆菌、肺炎克雷伯菌和金黄色葡萄球菌）通过 qRT-PCR 进行了定量。共现网络分析的结果显示了紫苏叶微生物组中细菌类群的特征，并深入了解了包括潜在病原体在内的多种微生物之间相互关联的作用。基于这些结果，食用紫苏叶可能会导致食源性疾病的风险在 7 月比 4 月更高。总之，本研究确定的微生物组成可以作为食品安全管理的基础数据，用于预测和预防未来的爆发。
