Krefting Research Centre, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden.
Wallenberg Centre for Molecular and Translational Medicine, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden.
Clin Exp Allergy. 2020 Jan;50(1):51-60. doi: 10.1111/cea.13534. Epub 2019 Dec 4.
The role of pubertal BMI change in adult-onset concomitant asthma and allergic rhinitis is unknown.
We investigated the association of childhood and young adult BMI, and pubertal BMI changes with adult-onset asthma, allergic rhinitis, and concomitant asthma and rhinitis in Swedish men.
The BMI Epidemiology Study in Gothenburg, Sweden, comprised of height and weight measures taken from school health records (6.5-9.5 years) and during military conscription (17.5-22 years) for all men born 1945-1961 (n = 37 652). Age-adjusted childhood BMI centred at 8 years and young adult BMI at 20 years were linked to high quality data on asthma and allergic rhinitis diagnoses from the Swedish National Patient Register.
High BMI (4th quartile vs the two median quartiles) at 8 years was associated with increased risk of concomitant asthma and allergic rhinitis (HR 1.45; 95% CI 1.00-2.11). Overweight (HR 1.45; 95% CI 1.12-1.89) and obesity (HR 1.95; 95% CI 1.08-3.54) at 20 years were associated with increased risk of asthma without concomitant allergic rhinitis as main or auxiliary diagnosis. Pubertal BMI change showed a non-linear association, so that both low (1st quartile vs the two median quartiles) and high pubertal BMI changes were associated with increased risk of asthma (low: HR 1.36; 95% CI 1.11-1.68; high: HR 1.32; 95% CI 1.07-1.63) and asthma without concomitant allergic rhinitis (low: HR 1.33; 95% CI 1.04-1.69; high: HR 1.36; 95% CI 1.07-1.74) as a main diagnosis.
Both low and high pubertal BMI changes are predictors of adult-onset asthma in men, particularly asthma without concomitant allergic rhinitis. Primary prevention of adult-onset asthma requires monitoring of changes in BMI during puberty.
青春期 BMI 变化在成年期同时发生的哮喘和过敏性鼻炎中的作用尚不清楚。
我们研究了儿童和青年时期 BMI 以及青春期 BMI 变化与瑞典男性成年期哮喘、过敏性鼻炎以及同时发生的哮喘和鼻炎的关系。
瑞典哥德堡 BMI 流行病学研究包括对所有 1945-1961 年出生的男性（n=37652）的学校健康记录（6.5-9.5 岁）和兵役期间（17.5-22 岁）的身高和体重进行测量。以 8 岁时的中心儿童 BMI 和 20 岁时的年轻成年人 BMI 为依据，与瑞典国家患者登记处的哮喘和过敏性鼻炎诊断的高质量数据相关联。
8 岁时 BMI 较高（第 4 四分位与两个中位数四分位相比）与同时发生的哮喘和过敏性鼻炎的风险增加相关（HR 1.45；95%CI 1.00-2.11）。20 岁时超重（HR 1.45；95%CI 1.12-1.89）和肥胖（HR 1.95；95%CI 1.08-3.54）与主要或辅助诊断的哮喘但无同时发生的过敏性鼻炎的风险增加相关。青春期 BMI 变化呈非线性关系，因此低（第 1 四分位与两个中位数四分位相比）和高青春期 BMI 变化均与哮喘风险增加相关（低：HR 1.36；95%CI 1.11-1.68；高：HR 1.32；95%CI 1.07-1.63）以及无同时发生的过敏性鼻炎的哮喘（低：HR 1.33；95%CI 1.04-1.69；高：HR 1.36；95%CI 1.07-1.74）有关。
青春期 BMI 的变化均与男性成年期哮喘有关，尤其是与同时发生的过敏性鼻炎无关。成人期哮喘的一级预防需要监测青春期 BMI 的变化。
