Materials Science and Nanoengineering Department (MSN), Mohammed VI Polytechnic University (UM6P), Lot 660 - Hay Moulay Rachid, 43150 Benguerir, Morocco; Laboratoire d'Ingénierie et Matériaux (LIMAT), Faculté des Sciences Ben M'sik, Université Hassan II de Casablanca, B.P.7955 Casablanca, Morocco.
Department of Agricultural Technology, Agricultural Polytechnic, Payakumbuh, West Sumatra 26271, Indonesia.
Int J Biol Macromol. 2020 Jul 1;154:1419-1425. doi: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2019.11.023. Epub 2019 Nov 14.
In this study, sulfated and carboxylated cellulose nanocrystals (CNC) have been produced from newly identified cellulose-rich bio-sourced material, namely Juncus plant. The Juncus plant stems were firstly subjected to chemical treatments to produce purified cellulose microfibers (CMF) with an average diameter of 3.5 µm and yield of 36%. By subjecting CMF to sulfuric and citric/hydrochloric mixture acids hydrolysis, sulfated CNC (S-CNC) and carboxylated CNC (C-CNC) have been produced with a diameter of 7.3 ± 2.2 and 6.1 ± 2.8 nm, and a length of 431 ± 94 and 352 ± 79 nm, respectively. These newly extracted S-CNC and C-CNC exhibited a crystallinity of 81% and 83% with cellulose I structure and showed high thermal stability (>200 °C). Herein, this newly identified Juncus plant, which is a naturally-derived source, could be used as a valuable alternative to conventional sources such as wood and cotton for nanocellulose production. We speculate that the determined high thermal stability, the large aspect ratio and high crystallinity will allow the use of the extracted CNC as nano-reinforcing agents in polymers that require processing temperatures of up to 200 °C. Owing to their surface functionalities (sulfated or carboxylated surface groups), the here produced CNC could be used as nano-additives or nano-reinforcing agents for water-soluble bio-polymers in order to produce bio-nanocomposites by solvent casting techniques.
在这项研究中，从新鉴定的富含纤维素的生物来源材料——灯心草植物中生产出了磺化和羧化纤维素纳米晶（CNC）。首先将灯心草植物茎部进行化学处理，以生产出平均直径为 3.5μm、产率为 36%的纯化纤维素微纤维（CMF）。通过将 CMF 进行硫酸和柠檬酸/盐酸混合酸水解，生成了直径为 7.3±2.2nm 和 6.1±2.8nm、长度为 431±94nm 和 352±79nm 的磺化 CNC（S-CNC）和羧化 CNC（C-CNC）。这些新提取的 S-CNC 和 C-CNC 的结晶度分别为 81%和 83%，具有纤维素 I 结构，热稳定性高（>200°C）。在此，这种新鉴定的灯心草植物，作为一种天然来源，可以替代传统的木材和棉花等来源，用于纳米纤维素的生产。我们推测，所确定的高热稳定性、大纵横比和高结晶度将允许将提取的 CNC 用作需要加工温度高达 200°C 的聚合物中的纳米增强剂。由于其表面官能团（磺化或羧化表面基团），这里生产的 CNC 可用作水溶性生物聚合物的纳米添加剂或纳米增强剂，以便通过溶剂浇铸技术生产生物纳米复合材料。
