饲粮中添加不同水平抗玉米淀粉对肉鸡生长性能、胴体特性及消化机能的影响
Growth performance, carcass traits and digestive function of broiler chickens fed diets with graded levels of corn resistant starch.
机构信息
College of Animal Science and Technology, Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Origin Food Production and Safety Guarantee, Jiangsu Provincial Collaborative Innovation Center of Meat Production and Processing, Quality and Safety Control, Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Food Safety, National Experimental Teaching Demonstration Center of Animal Science, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China.
College of Science, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China.
出版信息
Br Poult Sci. 2020 Apr;61(2):146-155. doi: 10.1080/00071668.2019.1694137. Epub 2019 Nov 27.
- This study was conducted to assess the effects of graded levels of dietary corn resistant starch (RS) on growth performance, carcass traits, nutrient retention, digestive organ index, intestinal morphology, digestive enzyme activities, and expression of certain nutrient transporters in broiler chickens.2. A total of 320, 1-d-old Arbor Acres broiler chickens were randomly assigned to five dietary treatments, with eight replicates of eight birds in each. These treatments included one corn-soybean control diet, a corn-soybean based diet containing 20% corn starch, and three diets supplemented with 4%, 8% and 12% RS by replacing corn starch with 6.67%, 13.33% and 20% of Hi-Maize 260® (identified as control, RS1, RS2, RS3 and RS4, respectively). The feeding period lasted 42 days.3. Performance parameters including feed consumption, feed conversion, body weight gain and percentage of abdominal fat at d 42 of age, nutrient retention (including dry matter, fat, total starch and nitrogen free extract), and apparent metabolisable energy was measured from d 18 to 20 and d 39 to 41 and showed negative linear responses to increasing dietary RS level (P < 0.05). Birds fed the RS3 and RS4 diets showed higher relative weight of duodenum, jejunum and ileum, as well as lower villus height and villus height/crypt depth compared to the control (P < 0.05). The activity of pancreatic trypsin of birds at d 21 and 42 of age decreased linearly in response to the increase of dietary RS level (P < 0.01). There were linear changes in up-regulated expression of and down-regulated expression of with increasing proportion of RS at d 21 and 42 of age (P < 0.05), respectively.4. It was concluded that feeding broilers with diets containing higher concentrations of RS impaired the development of small intestine, which resulted in lower apparent total tract retention of nutrients and poorer body weight gain, feed efficiency and carcass traits of broiler chickens.
本研究旨在评估不同水平的饲粮玉米抗性淀粉（RS）对肉鸡生长性能、胴体特性、养分利用率、消化器官指数、肠道形态、消化酶活性以及某些养分转运载体表达的影响。
选用 320 只 1 日龄爱拔益加（Arbor Acres）肉鸡，随机分为 5 个处理组，每组 8 个重复，每个重复 8 只鸡。对照组饲喂玉米-豆粕基础饲粮，试验组分别在基础饲粮中用 20%玉米淀粉等量替代 Hi-Maize 260®（以下简称 Hi-Maize），配制出含 4%、8%、12% RS 的试验饲粮，记为 RS1、RS2、RS3 和 RS4 组。试验期为 42 d。
18
20 和 3941 日龄时，分别连续 3 d 收集饲料和粪便，测定采食量、料重比、体重、42 日龄腹脂率、养分利用率（干物质、脂肪、总能和无氮浸出物）和表观代谢能；21 和 42 日龄时屠宰，测定十二指肠、空肠和回肠相对重量及肠道形态指标，胰腺消化酶活性。结果表明：随着饲粮 RS 水平的增加，肉鸡的采食量、料重比、体重、42 日龄腹脂率、养分利用率及 21 和 42 日龄时胰腺蛋白酶活性呈线性或二次降低（P<0.05），21 和 42 日龄时十二指肠、空肠和回肠相对重量及绒毛高度、绒毛高度/隐窝深度呈线性或二次降低（P<0.05）。综上所述，饲粮中添加高水平 RS 会损害肉鸡小肠的发育，导致养分在全肠道的表观利用率降低，肉鸡生长性能、饲料效率和胴体特性变差。
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