Estonian Biocentre, Institute of Genomics, Riia 23, Tartu 51010, Estonia; Department of Evolutionary Biology, Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology, Riia 23, Tartu 51010, Estonia.
Human Genome and Stem Cell Research Center, Biosciences Institute, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, SP 05508-090, Brazil; Departamento de Genética, Ecologia e Evolução, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG 31270-901, Brazil.
Curr Biol. 2019 Dec 2;29(23):3974-3986.e4. doi: 10.1016/j.cub.2019.09.076. Epub 2019 Nov 14.
The human genetic diversity of the Americas has been affected by several events of gene flow that have continued since the colonial era and the Atlantic slave trade. Moreover, multiple waves of migration followed by local admixture occurred in the last two centuries, the impact of which has been largely unexplored. Here, we compiled a genome-wide dataset of ∼12,000 individuals from twelve American countries and ∼6,000 individuals from worldwide populations and applied haplotype-based methods to investigate how historical movements from outside the New World affected (1) the genetic structure, (2) the admixture profile, (3) the demographic history, and (4) sex-biased gene-flow dynamics of the Americas. We revealed a high degree of complexity underlying the genetic contribution of European and African populations in North and South America, from both geographic and temporal perspectives, identifying previously unreported sources related to Italy, the Middle East, and to specific regions of Africa.
自殖民时代和大西洋奴隶贸易以来，多种基因流事件持续影响着美洲人类遗传多样性。此外，在过去的两个世纪中，发生了多次移民浪潮和局部混合，其影响在很大程度上尚未得到探索。在这里，我们从 12 个美洲国家收集了约 12000 个人的全基因组数据集，从全球人群中收集了约 6000 个人的全基因组数据集，并应用基于单倍型的方法来研究来自新世界以外的历史运动如何影响（1）遗传结构，（2）混合模式，（3）人口历史，以及（4）美洲的性别偏向基因流动态。我们从地理和时间的角度揭示了欧洲和非洲人群在北美和南美的遗传贡献背后的高度复杂性，确定了以前未报告的与意大利、中东以及非洲特定地区有关的来源。
