Department of Oriental Pharmaceutical Development, Nambu University, Gwangju, 62271, Republic of Korea.
Department of Emergency Medical Rescue, Nambu University, Gwangju, 62271, Republic of Korea.
Genes Genomics. 2020 Jan;42(1):87-95. doi: 10.1007/s13258-019-00883-x. Epub 2019 Nov 17.
Ulmus davidiana (UD) is a traditional Korean herb medicine that is used to treat inflammatory disorders. UD has been shown to modulate a number of inflammatory processes in vitro or in vivo studies. However, the molecular mechanisms of UD on lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced acute lung injury remain to be understood.
The primary objective of this study is to determine the effect of UD bark water extract on LPS-induced immune responses and lung injury using both in vitro and in vivo models.
RAW 264.7 cells and a rat model of acute lung injury (ALI) were used to study the effects of UD on several parameters. Nitrite level, lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) level, and superoxide dismutase (SOD) activities were measured. Tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interleukin-1β (IL-1β), and plasma transaminase activities in blood were also determined. Pathological investigations were also performed.
LPS infusion resulted in elevated IL-1β mRNA expression, nitrite levels, TNF-α expression, and IL-1β expression in RAW 264.7 cells. LPS infusion also increased levels of nitrite/nitrate, total protein, LDH, and TNF-α in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid, but reduced SOD levels in ex vivo and in vivo models. UD administration ameliorated all these inflammatory markers. In particular, treatment with UD reduced LPS-induced nitrite production in RAW 264.7 cells in a dose-dependent manner. UD treatment also counteracted the LPS-induced increase in alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and aspartate transaminase (AST) activity in rat plasma, leading to a significant reduction in ALT and AST activity.
The results revealed that UD treatment reduces LPS-induced nitrite production, IL-1β mRNA expression, and TNF-α expression. In addition, LPS-induced decrease in SOD level is significantly elevated by UD administration. These results indicate that UD extract merits consideration as a potential drug for treating and/or preventing ALI.
榆树（UD）是一种传统的韩国草药，用于治疗炎症性疾病。UD 已被证明可调节体外或体内研究中的许多炎症过程。然而，UD 对脂多糖（LPS）诱导的急性肺损伤的分子机制仍有待了解。
本研究的主要目的是使用体外和体内模型确定 UD 树皮水提取物对 LPS 诱导的免疫反应和肺损伤的影响。
使用 RAW 264.7 细胞和急性肺损伤（ALI）大鼠模型研究 UD 对几种参数的影响。测量亚硝酸盐水平、乳酸脱氢酶（LDH）水平和超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）活性。还测定了血液中的肿瘤坏死因子-α（TNF-α）、白细胞介素-1β（IL-1β）和血浆转氨酶活性。还进行了病理研究。
LPS 输注导致 RAW 264.7 细胞中 IL-1β mRNA 表达、亚硝酸盐水平、TNF-α 表达和 IL-1β 表达升高。LPS 输注还增加了体外和体内模型中支气管肺泡灌洗液中的亚硝酸盐/硝酸盐、总蛋白、LDH 和 TNF-α 水平，但降低了 SOD 水平。UD 给药改善了所有这些炎症标志物。特别是，UD 治疗以剂量依赖性方式减轻了 LPS 诱导的 RAW 264.7 细胞中亚硝酸盐的产生。UD 治疗还抵消了 LPS 诱导的大鼠血浆中丙氨酸氨基转移酶（ALT）和天冬氨酸氨基转移酶（AST）活性的增加，导致 ALT 和 AST 活性显著降低。
结果表明，UD 治疗可降低 LPS 诱导的亚硝酸盐产生、IL-1β mRNA 表达和 TNF-α 表达。此外，UD 给药可显著升高 LPS 诱导的 SOD 水平降低。这些结果表明，UD 提取物值得考虑作为治疗和/或预防 ALI 的潜在药物。
