Wang Yiliang, Qin Shurong, Jia Jiaoyan, Huang Lianzhou, Li Feng, Jin Fujun, Ren Zhe, Wang Yifei
Guangzhou Jinan Biomedicine Research and Development Center, Institute of Biomedicine, College of Life Science and Technology, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China.
Key Laboratory of Virology of Guangzhou, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China.
Front Physiol. 2019 Oct 29;10:1343. doi: 10.3389/fphys.2019.01343. eCollection 2019.
Although the efficacy of herbal medicines (HMs) and traditional Chinese medicines (TCMs) in human diseases has long been recognized, their development has been hindered in part by a lack of a comprehensive understanding of their mechanisms of action. Indeed, most of the compounds extracted from HMs can be metabolized into specific molecules by host microbiota and affect pharmacokinetics and toxicity. Moreover, HMs modulate the constitution of host intestinal microbiota to maintain a healthy gut ecology. Dietary interventions also show great efficacy in treating some refractory diseases, and the commensal microbiota potentially has significant implications for the high inter-individual differences observed in such responses. Herein, we mainly discuss the contribution of the intestinal microbiota to high inter-individual differences in response to HMs and TCMs, and especially the already known metabolites of the HMs produced by the intestinal microbiota. The contribution of commensal microbiota to the inter-individual differences in response to dietary therapy is also briefly discussed. This review highlights the significance of intestinal microbiota-associated metabolites to the efficiency of HMs and dietary interventions. Our review may help further identify the mechanisms leading to the inter-individual differences in the effectiveness of HM and dietary intervention from the perspective of their interactions with the intestinal microbiota.
尽管草药（HMs）和中药（TCMs）在人类疾病中的疗效早已得到认可，但其发展在一定程度上受到对其作用机制缺乏全面了解的阻碍。事实上，从草药中提取的大多数化合物可被宿主微生物群代谢为特定分子，并影响药代动力学和毒性。此外，草药可调节宿主肠道微生物群的组成，以维持健康的肠道生态。饮食干预在治疗一些难治性疾病方面也显示出巨大疗效，共生微生物群可能对这类反应中观察到的高个体差异具有重要意义。在此，我们主要讨论肠道微生物群对草药和中药反应中高个体差异的贡献，特别是肠道微生物群产生的草药已知代谢产物。还简要讨论了共生微生物群对饮食疗法反应个体差异的贡献。本综述强调了肠道微生物群相关代谢产物对草药和饮食干预效果的重要性。我们的综述可能有助于从与肠道微生物群相互作用的角度进一步确定导致草药和饮食干预有效性个体差异的机制。
