Australian Institute of Suicide Research and Prevention, World Health Organization Collaborating Centre for Research in Suicide Prevention and Training, Griffith University, Mt Gravatt, Australia; Centre Hospitalier Albert Bousquet, Nouméa, New Caledonia.
Australian Institute of Suicide Research and Prevention, World Health Organization Collaborating Centre for Research in Suicide Prevention and Training, Griffith University, Mt Gravatt, Australia.
J Affect Disord. 2020 Feb 1;262:366-372. doi: 10.1016/j.jad.2019.11.020. Epub 2019 Nov 9.
Limited information is available about suicidal behavior in the Pacific Islands. Forty percent of the New Caledonian population is indigenous Kanak; insights into the characteristics of suicide deaths in this population compared to other ethnic groups would be valuable. The aim of this paper is to deepen our understanding of the cultural underpinnings of suicide in New Caledonia by presenting the results of the WHO/START psychological autopsy study.
A case-series psychological autopsy study was conducted based on medical, police files, and interviews with relatives of 52 individuals who died by suicide in 2014 and 2015 in New Caledonia.
Kanak indigenous individuals represented more than half of suicides. Prevalence of mental disorders was identified in 62% of suicide decedents; a previous suicide attempt was frequent (37% of cases). A serious argument with a partner was the most prevalent life event (60%). Few warning signs were present among young people and Kanak in general.
Comparison with information on the general population suggests indigenous Kanak are more vulnerable and that having a mental health disorder plays an important role in suicide. Violent arguments with a partner could also be a major risk factor. Traditional protective factors (being employed, living with their family or partner, religion) appeared to have limited effect on suicide. Mental health promotion, prevention, and care should be prioritized. Prevention strategies, including domestic violence prevention are recommended in New Caledonia. Further research is needed to better identify young and Kanak subjects at risk of suicide.
关于太平洋岛屿的自杀行为，信息有限。新喀里多尼亚人口的 40%是本土的卡纳克人；了解与其他族裔相比，该人群自杀死亡的特征将具有重要意义。本文的目的是通过呈现世界卫生组织/START 心理解剖研究的结果，深入了解新喀里多尼亚自杀行为的文化基础。
基于 2014 年和 2015 年在新喀里多尼亚自杀死亡的 52 名个体的医疗、警察档案和亲属访谈，进行了一系列病例的心理解剖研究。
卡纳克土著人占自杀者的一半以上。62%的自杀死者存在精神障碍；自杀未遂很常见（37%的病例）。与伴侣发生严重争吵是最常见的生活事件（60%）。年轻人和一般卡纳克人中很少出现预警信号。
与一般人群的信息进行比较表明，土著卡纳克人更容易受到影响，并且精神健康障碍在自杀中起着重要作用。与伴侣发生激烈争吵也可能是一个主要的风险因素。传统的保护因素（就业、与家人或伴侣同住、宗教信仰）对自杀的影响似乎有限。应优先考虑促进精神健康、预防和护理。新喀里多尼亚建议采取预防策略，包括预防家庭暴力。需要进一步研究，以更好地确定有自杀风险的年轻人和卡纳克人。
