Mathieu Sharna, de Leo Diego, Koo Yu Wen, Leske Stuart, Goodfellow Benjamin, Kõlves Kairi
Australian Institute for Suicide Research and Prevention, WHO Collaborating Centre for Research and Training in Suicide Prevention, School of Applied Psychology, Griffith University, Brisbane, Australia.
Centre Hospitalsier Spécialisé Albert Bousquet, Nouméa, New Caledonia.
Lancet Reg Health West Pac. 2021 Oct 1;17:100283. doi: 10.1016/j.lanwpc.2021.100283. eCollection 2021 Dec.
The Pacific Islands have some of the highest rates of suicide in the Western Pacific region. The purpose of this study was to systematically review the literature on suicidal behaviour in the Pacific Islands.
A comprehensive search of Web of Science, PubMed, PsycINFO, Cochrane, CINAHL and Embase databases was conducted for all articles published until 1 February 2021. Inclusion criteria included papers that referred to a pre-specified list of Pacific Islands. Papers referring exclusively to other countries were excluded. Other exclusion criteria included not being about suicide or suicide attempts or not presenting original research. Narrative synthesis was applied without meta-analysis. The review followed PRISMA guidelines.
A total of 36 papers were included for review. Of the Pacific Islands, Kiribati has the highest age-standardised rate of suicide mortality. Key risk groups across the Islands included youth, people of Indian ethnicity in Fiji (a prominent ethnic group in Fiji), and Indigenous peoples across other Islands. Prominent methods were self-poisoning and hanging. A distinct lack of intervention studies was found.
Overall, the Pacific Islands appear to have relatively high rates of suicide and suicide attempts compared to other countries in the region. This was particularly striking among youth. This review provides important directions for future suicide prevention activities, including means restriction, sensitive media/community coverage, enhanced surveillance, and the development and evaluation of interventions tailored to the needs of young people and other cultural groups.
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太平洋岛屿是西太平洋地区自杀率最高的地区之一。本研究的目的是系统回顾太平洋岛屿自杀行为的相关文献。
对科学网、PubMed、PsycINFO、Cochrane、CINAHL和Embase数据库进行全面检索，查找截至2021年2月1日发表的所有文章。纳入标准包括提及预先指定的太平洋岛屿列表的论文。仅提及其他国家的论文被排除。其他排除标准包括与自杀或自杀未遂无关或未呈现原创研究。采用叙述性综合分析，未进行荟萃分析。本综述遵循PRISMA指南。
共纳入36篇论文进行综述。在太平洋岛屿中，基里巴斯的年龄标准化自杀死亡率最高。各岛屿的主要风险群体包括青年、斐济的印度族裔（斐济的一个主要族裔群体）以及其他岛屿的原住民。主要自杀方式是自我中毒和上吊。明显缺乏干预研究。
总体而言，与该地区其他国家相比，太平洋岛屿的自杀率和自杀未遂率似乎相对较高。这在青年中尤为明显。本综述为未来的自杀预防活动提供了重要方向，包括限制手段、敏感的媒体/社区报道、加强监测以及开发和评估针对年轻人及其他文化群体需求的干预措施。
无。
