Jin Qi, Zhao Zhihui, Zhao Qing, Yu Xue, Yan Lu, Zhang Yi, Luo Qin, Liu Zhihong
Center for Pulmonary Vascular Diseases, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, 167 Beilishi Road, Xicheng District, Beijing, 100037, China.
Heart Fail Rev. 2020 Sep;25(5):795-815. doi: 10.1007/s10741-019-09866-2.
Pulmonary hypertension (PH) is a complex and progressive disease characterized by increased pulmonary vascular resistance and pulmonary artery pressure, leading to pulmonary vascular remodeling, right heart failure, and ultimately death. Although several molecular pathways related to vascular remodeling have been reported, the mechanism behind this fatal disease with poor prognosis remains largely unclear. Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) have been proven to be playing crucial roles in various biological processes, and emerging studies demonstrated lncRNAs as essential epigenetic modifiers involved in the onset and development of PH. The present review summarizes the types and biogenesis of lncRNAs, focuses on the biological function of lncRNAs in vascular diseases, and highlights all proven lncRNAs as well as highly potential lncRNA candidates involved in PH. Moreover, the interaction between lncRNA and corresponding miRNA in PH is also emphasized. Finally, we discuss current challenges and future prospects of lncRNAs as potential biomarkers and therapeutic targets for PH. Current data indicate lncRNAs are vital regulators of PH and may act as promising diagnostic and therapeutic targets for PH.
肺动脉高压（PH）是一种复杂的进行性疾病，其特征是肺血管阻力和肺动脉压力增加，导致肺血管重塑、右心衰竭，并最终导致死亡。尽管已经报道了几种与血管重塑相关的分子途径，但这种预后不良的致命疾病背后的机制在很大程度上仍不清楚。长链非编码RNA（lncRNAs）已被证明在各种生物学过程中发挥关键作用，并且新出现的研究表明lncRNAs是参与PH发病和发展的重要表观遗传修饰因子。本综述总结了lncRNAs的类型和生物发生，重点关注lncRNAs在血管疾病中的生物学功能，并突出了所有已证实的参与PH的lncRNAs以及极具潜力的lncRNA候选物。此外，还强调了PH中lncRNA与相应miRNA之间的相互作用。最后，我们讨论了lncRNAs作为PH潜在生物标志物和治疗靶点的当前挑战和未来前景。目前的数据表明lncRNAs是PH的重要调节因子，可能成为PH有前景的诊断和治疗靶点。
