Yuan Lanlan, Zhang Fan, Shen Mingyue, Jia Shuo, Xie Jianhua
State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330047, China.
Foods. 2019 Nov 16;8(11):582. doi: 10.3390/foods8110582.
Phytosterols, found in many commonly consumed foods, exhibit a broad range of physiological activities including anti-inflammatory effects. In this study, the anti-inflammatory effects of ergosterol, β-sitosterol, stigmasterol, campesterol, and ergosterol acetate were investigated in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced RAW264.7 macrophages. Results showed that all phytosterol compounds alleviated the inflammatory reaction in LPS-induced macrophage models; cell phagocytosis, nitric oxide (NO) production, release of tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), and expression and activity of pro-inflammatory mediator cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2), inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), and phosphorylated extracellular signal-regulated protein kinase (p-ERK) were all inhibited. The anti-inflammatory activity of β-sitosterol was higher than stigmasterol and campesterol, which suggests that phytosterols without a double bond on C-22 and with ethyl on C-24 were more effective. However, inconsistent results were observed upon comparison of ergosterol and ergosterol acetate (hydroxy or ester group on C-3), which suggest that additional research is still needed to ascertain the contribution of structure to their anti-inflammatory effects.
植物甾醇存在于许多常见的食用食物中，具有广泛的生理活性，包括抗炎作用。在本研究中，对麦角固醇、β-谷甾醇、豆甾醇、菜油甾醇和醋酸麦角甾醇在脂多糖（LPS）诱导的RAW264.7巨噬细胞中的抗炎作用进行了研究。结果表明，所有植物甾醇化合物均减轻了LPS诱导的巨噬细胞模型中的炎症反应；细胞吞噬作用、一氧化氮（NO）生成、肿瘤坏死因子-α（TNF-α）释放以及促炎介质环氧合酶-2（COX-2）、诱导型一氧化氮合酶（iNOS）和磷酸化细胞外信号调节蛋白激酶（p-ERK）的表达和活性均受到抑制。β-谷甾醇的抗炎活性高于豆甾醇和菜油甾醇，这表明在C-22位无双键且在C-24位有乙基的植物甾醇更有效。然而，在比较麦角固醇和醋酸麦角甾醇（C-3位有羟基或酯基）时观察到了不一致的结果，这表明仍需要进一步研究以确定结构对其抗炎作用的影响。
