必要性和机会都是创新之母吗？

Are both necessity and opportunity the mothers of innovations?

机构信息

Department of Biology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA

Department of Human Behavior, Ecology, and Culture, Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology, Leipzig 04103,

出版信息

Behav Brain Sci. 2019 Nov 20;42:e199. doi: 10.1017/S0140525X19000207.

DOI:10.1017/S0140525X19000207

PMID:31744576

Abstract

Baumard's perspective asserts that "opportunity is the mother of innovation," in contrast to the adage ascribing this role to necessity. Drawing on behavioral ecology and cognition, we propose that both extremes - affluence and scarcity - can drive innovation. We suggest that the types of innovations at these two extremes differ and that both rely on mechanisms operating on different time scales.

摘要

鲍马德的观点认为，“机会是创新之母”，与将这一角色归因于必要性的格言形成对比。借鉴行为生态学和认知学，我们提出，富裕和稀缺这两个极端都可以推动创新。我们认为，这两个极端的创新类型不同，并且都依赖于在不同时间尺度上运作的机制。