Servicio de Dermatología, Hospital General Universitario de Valencia, Valencia, España.
Servicio de Dermatología, Hospital General Universitario de Valencia, Valencia, España.
Actas Dermosifiliogr (Engl Ed). 2020 Jan 2;111(1):53-58. doi: 10.1016/j.ad.2019.06.002. Epub 2019 Nov 17.
The epidemiology of genital herpes has changed in recent years with an increase in the incidence of herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) infection. The aim of this study was to analyze the clinical and epidemiological characteristics of patients diagnosed with genital herpes.
A retrospective observational study was designed. All patients diagnosed with genital herpes between January 2016 and January 2019 in a Sexually Transmitted Infections Unit (ITS) in Valencia, Spain, were included.
We identified 895 STI diagnoses. Of these, 126 (14%) were genital herpes; 68 (54%) of these cases were in women and 58 (46%) in men. Diagnosis was confirmed by molecular detection of HSV DNA in 110 cases (87.3%). Of these, 52 were cases of HSV-1 infection (47.3%) and 58 were HSV-2 infection (52.7%). HSV-2 was more common in men (69.5%), while HSV-1 was more common in women (59.3%). In the subgroup of women, mean age at diagnosis was 26 years for HSV-1 and 34 years for HSV-2 (P=.015). Recurrent genital herpes rates were 13% for HSV-1 and 40% for HSV-2.
There has been an increase in the number of cases of genital herpes caused by HSV-1 in our setting, with young women in particular being affected. This has important prognostic implications because genital herpes caused by HSV-1 is less likely to recur.
近年来，单纯疱疹病毒 1 型（HSV-1）感染导致生殖器疱疹的发病率有所上升。本研究旨在分析诊断为生殖器疱疹患者的临床和流行病学特征。
设计了一项回顾性观察研究。纳入 2016 年 1 月至 2019 年 1 月期间在西班牙巴伦西亚性传播感染科（ITS）诊断为生殖器疱疹的所有患者。
我们发现了 895 例性传播感染诊断。其中，126 例（14%）为生殖器疱疹；68 例（54%）为女性病例，58 例（46%）为男性病例。通过分子检测 HSV DNA 确诊 110 例（87.3%）。其中，52 例为 HSV-1 感染（47.3%），58 例为 HSV-2 感染（52.7%）。HSV-2 在男性中更为常见（69.5%），而 HSV-1 在女性中更为常见（59.3%）。在女性亚组中，HSV-1 的诊断年龄平均为 26 岁，HSV-2 的诊断年龄平均为 34 岁（P=.015）。HSV-1 复发性生殖器疱疹的发生率为 13%，HSV-2 的发生率为 40%。
在我们的研究环境中，由 HSV-1 引起的生殖器疱疹病例数量有所增加，特别是年轻女性受到影响。这具有重要的预后意义，因为由 HSV-1 引起的生殖器疱疹不太可能复发。
