State Key Laboratory of Biobased Material and Green Papermaking, School of Food Sciences and Engineering, Qilu University of Technology, Shandong Academy of Sciences, Jinan, China.
State Key Laboratory of Biobased Material and Green Papermaking, School of Food Sciences and Engineering, Qilu University of Technology, Shandong Academy of Sciences, Jinan, China.
Int J Biol Macromol. 2020 Feb 1;144:863-873. doi: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2019.09.164. Epub 2019 Nov 18.
To explore a valuable new enzyme method that effectively changes the molecular structure and absorption property of potato and sweet potato starch granules, the common combination of α-amylase (AA) and glucoamylase (GA), namely AA → GA (common method as contrast), the combination of glycosyltransferase (GT) and GA, namely GT → GA, or the combination of sequential AA, GT and GA (AA → GT → GA) treatment was utilized. The results indicated that three types of enzyme treatments increased the pore size, pore volume, specific surface area and relative crystallinity of potato and sweet potato starches, resulting in a significant increment in adsorption capacities. Compared to GT → GA or AA → GA treatment, AA → GT → GA treatment had the most significant effect on the hydrolysis of starches since a lower amylose content, higher branched degree and more amount of short side chains of starches obtained using AA → GT treatment might increase the amount of GA active sites. So, GT → AA → GA treatment had the most significant absorption impact on oil, dye and heavy metal ions of starches. Compared to native starch, the adsorption capacity of GT/AA/GA-treated starches increased by about 7-21 folds. Thus, a novel GT → AA → GA treatment may be a most effective method to prepare porous potato and sweet potato starches as desirable green adsorbents.
为了探索一种有效的新酶法，以改变马铃薯和甘薯淀粉颗粒的分子结构和吸收特性，本文选用了常见的α-淀粉酶（AA）和糖化酶（GA）的组合（AA→GA，作为对照方法）、糖基转移酶（GT）和 GA 的组合（GT→GA），或者顺序使用 AA、GT 和 GA 的组合（AA→GT→GA）处理。结果表明，三种酶处理均增加了马铃薯和甘薯淀粉的孔大小、孔体积、比表面积和相对结晶度，导致吸附容量显著增加。与 GT→GA 或 AA→GA 处理相比，AA→GT→GA 处理对淀粉的水解效果最显著，因为 AA→GT 处理获得的较低直链淀粉含量、较高的支化度和更多的短侧链淀粉可能会增加 GA 的活性位点数量。因此，GT→AA→GA 处理对油、染料和重金属离子的吸附效果最为显著。与天然淀粉相比，GT/AA/GA 处理后的淀粉的吸附能力增加了约 7-21 倍。因此，新型 GT→AA→GA 处理可能是一种最有效的制备多孔马铃薯和甘薯淀粉的方法，可作为理想的绿色吸附剂。
