Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, Boston University, Boston, MA, USA.
Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, Boston University, Boston, MA, USA.
Clin Psychol Rev. 2019 Dec;74:101785. doi: 10.1016/j.cpr.2019.101785. Epub 2019 Nov 11.
Trait mindfulness appears to be related to lower levels of negative affective symptoms, but it remains uncertain which facets of mindfulness are most important in this relationship. Accordingly, the present meta-analysis examined studies reporting correlations between affective symptoms and trait mindfulness as assessed by the Five Facet Mindfulness Questionnaire. A comprehensive search yielded 148 eligible studies, comprising 157 distinct samples and 44,075 participants. The weighted mean correlation for affective symptoms and overall trait mindfulness was r = -0.53. Among mindfulness facets, Nonjudge (r = -0.48) and Act with Awareness (r = -0.47) demonstrated the largest correlations, followed by Nonreact (r = -0.33) and Describe (r = -0.29). Observe was not significantly correlated with affective symptoms. No significant differences in the strength of correlations were found between anxiety, depression and posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) symptoms, though symptoms of generalized anxiety disorder exhibited a weaker negative relationship with the Describe facet compared to PTSD symptoms. Describe also showed a stronger relationship with affective symptoms in Eastern samples compared to Western samples, whereas Western samples had a stronger relationship with Nonjudge. These results provide insight into the nature of the association between trait mindfulness and negative affect.
特质正念似乎与较低水平的消极情感症状有关，但目前还不确定正念的哪些方面在这种关系中最重要。因此，本元分析研究了报告情感症状与特质正念之间相关性的研究，特质正念使用五因素正念量表进行评估。全面检索产生了 148 项符合条件的研究，包括 157 个不同的样本和 44075 名参与者。情感症状和整体特质正念的加权平均相关系数为 r= -0.53。在正念方面，非评判（r= -0.48）和觉察行动（r= -0.47）表现出最大的相关性，其次是非反应（r= -0.33）和描述（r= -0.29）。观察与情感症状没有显著相关性。在焦虑、抑郁和创伤后应激障碍（PTSD）症状之间，相关性的强度没有显著差异，尽管广泛性焦虑障碍的症状与 PTSD 症状相比，与描述方面的负相关较弱。描述方面与情感症状在东方样本中的相关性也比西方样本更强，而西方样本与非评判的相关性更强。这些结果提供了关于特质正念与消极情绪之间关联性质的深入了解。
