Cognitive Ageing and Impairment Neurosciences Laboratory, School of Psychology, Social Work and Social Policy, University of South Australia, Australia.
Cognitive Ageing and Impairment Neurosciences Laboratory, School of Psychology, Social Work and Social Policy, University of South Australia, Australia.
J Neurol Sci. 2020 Jan 15;408:116578. doi: 10.1016/j.jns.2019.116578. Epub 2019 Nov 11.
Recent evidence has linked cerebrovascular abnormalities with Parkinson's Disease (PD), which may provide a new neurophysiological understanding of cognitive impairment in PD. The current study aimed to compare cerebrovascular functioning, during a cognitive task and at rest, in those with and without PD.
Idiopathic PD patients (n = 30) and age- and gender-matched healthy controls (n = 30) undertook cognitive testing and completed a word generation task while blood flow velocity was monitored bilaterally with functional transcranial Doppler sonography (fTCD) of the middle cerebral arteries. The lateralisation index and its standard deviation and timing, along with the maximum peak velocity for the left and right hemispheres and their latencies and standard deviations, were calculated for each participant.
The PD patients showed significantly more variability of the lateralisation index compared to the control group; but there were no differences in the lateralisation index itself nor in the peak velocities. In the PD group, the variability in the peak velocities showed significant positive correlations with performance on executive function tests.
Normal ageing has been associated with a reduction in the lateralisation index, but no alterations in the standard deviation, suggesting that cerebrovascular functional changes associated with PD differ from those of typical ageing. The within-subject variability observed in the PD group indicate abnormalities within the neurovascular coupling response. Further, the association between the within-subject variability and executive functioning in the PD group, suggests that cerebrovascular dysfunction plays an important role in cognitive impairment in PD.
最近的证据表明，脑血管异常与帕金森病（PD）有关，这可能为 PD 患者认知障碍提供新的神经生理学理解。本研究旨在比较 PD 患者和健康对照组在认知任务期间和休息时的脑血管功能。
特发性 PD 患者（n=30）和年龄、性别匹配的健康对照组（n=30）接受认知测试，并在功能性经颅多普勒超声（fTCD）监测双侧大脑中动脉的情况下完成单词生成任务。为每位参与者计算了侧化指数及其标准差和时间，以及左、右半球的最大峰值速度及其潜伏期和标准差。
PD 患者的侧化指数变异性明显高于对照组；但侧化指数本身以及峰值速度没有差异。在 PD 组中，峰值速度的变异性与执行功能测试的表现呈显著正相关。
正常衰老与侧化指数的降低有关，但标准差没有变化，这表明与 PD 相关的脑血管功能变化与典型衰老不同。PD 组中观察到的个体内变异性表明神经血管耦联反应存在异常。此外，PD 组中个体内变异性与执行功能之间的关联表明，脑血管功能障碍在 PD 患者的认知障碍中起着重要作用。
