Laboratorio de Genética, Ambiente y Reproducción, Universidad Juan Agustín Maza, Mendoza, Argentina; Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Argentina.
Laboratorio de Genética, Ambiente y Reproducción, Universidad Juan Agustín Maza, Mendoza, Argentina.
Chemosphere. 2020 Mar;243:125341. doi: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2019.125341. Epub 2019 Nov 9.
Cypermethrin (CYP) and chlorpyrifos (CPF) are insecticides/parasiticides used in the production of fruits, vegetables and beef cattle. These substances or their metabolites are frequently reported as residues in food, whose consumption in a diet implies a genotoxic risk. The potential for chronic toxicity of CYP and CPF is unclear, and only a few genotoxicological evaluations based on their mixture have been performed. The aim of this study was to evaluate the genotoxic potential of CYP, CPF and CYP + CPF in five concentrations, from 5.9 to 175 μg/mL, on bovine lymphocytes. By means of the cytokinesis-block micronucleus cytome assay, a decrease in the cell proliferation index was observed (r = -0.89 p = 0.04); and also an increase in the frequencies of binucleated cells (BN) with micronuclei (BNMn) (r = 0.93, p = 0.02) and BN with nuclear buds (BNBud) (r = 0.778 p = 0.04), depending on the concentrations of CPF. An increase in BNMn frequencies was observed as a function of CYP concentrations (r = 0.89, p = 0.04) and also of the CYP + CPF mix (r = 0.99, p = 0.008). CYP caused greater genotoxic damage (BNMn) than CPF and the mixture on bovine lymphocytes. Cells with simultaneous presentation of micronuclei and nuclear buds were detected, as well as cells with irregular nuclei, something never previously reported, whose origin and significance should be investigated. The genotoxic effect of chlorpyrifos, cypermethrin and their mixture on bovine lymphocytes was observed. We recognized the value of the use of primary bovine cultures, animal species adjacent to man in the food chain, for genotoxicity studies.
氯菊酯 (CYP) 和毒死蜱 (CPF) 是用于水果、蔬菜和肉牛生产的杀虫剂/驱虫剂。这些物质或其代谢物经常作为食物残留被报道，其在饮食中的摄入意味着遗传毒性风险。CYP 和 CPF 的慢性毒性潜力尚不清楚，仅基于其混合物进行了少数遗传毒理学评估。本研究旨在评估 CYP、CPF 和 CYP+CPF 在五个浓度（5.9 至 175 μg/mL）下对牛淋巴细胞的遗传毒性潜力。通过细胞有丝分裂阻断微核细胞微核测定，观察到细胞增殖指数下降（r=-0.89，p=0.04）；并且还观察到双核细胞（BN）带微核（BNMn）（r=0.93，p=0.02）和带核芽（BNBud）（r=0.778，p=0.04）的频率增加，这取决于 CPF 的浓度。BNMn 频率的增加与 CYP 浓度呈函数关系（r=0.89，p=0.04），也与 CYP+CPF 混合物呈函数关系（r=0.99，p=0.008）。CYP 对牛淋巴细胞的遗传毒性损伤（BNMn）大于 CPF 和混合物。同时检测到带微核和核芽的细胞，以及核不规则的细胞，这是以前从未报道过的，其起源和意义应该加以研究。观察到氯菊酯、氯菊酯和混合物对牛淋巴细胞的遗传毒性作用。我们认识到使用初级牛培养物、食物链中与人类相邻的动物物种进行遗传毒性研究的价值。
