Maliba Pharmacy College, UKA Tarsadia University, Gopal-Vidyanagar Campus, Surat 394350, Gujarat, India.
Chemistry Department, Veer Narmad South Gujarat University, Surat 395007, Gujarat, India.
Adv Colloid Interface Sci. 2020 Jan;275:102051. doi: 10.1016/j.cis.2019.102051. Epub 2019 Oct 21.
Graphene is one-atom thick nanocarbon displaying a unique honeycomb structure and extensive conjugation. In addition to high surface area to mass ratio, it displays unique optical, thermal, electronic and mechanical properties. Atomic scale tunability of graphene has attracted immense research interest with a prospective utility in electronics, desalination, energy sectors, and beyond. Its intrinsic opto-thermal properties are appealing from the standpoint of multimodal drug delivery, imaging and biosensing applications. Hydrophobic basal plane of sheets can be efficiently loaded with aromatic molecules via non-specific forces. With intense biomedical interest, methods are evolving to produce defect-free and dispersion stable sheets. This review summarizes advancements in synthetic approaches and strategies of stabilizing graphene derivatives in aqueous medium. We have described the interaction of colloidal graphene with cellular and sub-cellular components, and subsequent physiological signaling. Finally, a systematic discussion is provided covering toxicological challenges and possible solutions on utilizing graphene formulations for high-end biomedical applications.
石墨烯是一种只有一个原子厚的纳米级碳材料，呈现独特的蜂窝状结构和广泛的共轭。除了高的表面积与质量比，它还表现出独特的光学、热学、电子和力学性能。石墨烯的原子级可调性引起了广泛的研究兴趣，有望在电子、海水淡化、能源等领域得到应用。其固有的光热特性在多模态药物输送、成像和生物传感应用方面具有吸引力。片层的疏水底平面可以通过非特异性力有效地加载芳香族分子。由于生物医学的浓厚兴趣，人们正在不断开发生产无缺陷和分散稳定的片层的方法。本综述总结了在合成方法和稳定石墨烯衍生物在水介质中的策略方面的进展。我们描述了胶体石墨烯与细胞和亚细胞成分的相互作用，以及随后的生理信号。最后，我们提供了一个系统的讨论，涵盖了利用石墨烯制剂进行高端生物医学应用的毒理学挑战和可能的解决方案。
