Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, Peking University School of Public Health, and Peking University Institute of Environmental Medicine, Beijing, China; Key Laboratory of Clinical In Vitro Diagnostic Techniques of Zhejiang Province, Department of Laboratory Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China.
China Institute of Sport Science, Beijing, China; Department of Physical Education, Gansu Normal University for Nationalities, Hezuo, China.
Sci Total Environ. 2019 Dec 1;694:133674. doi: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.133674. Epub 2019 Jul 30.
Exposure to fine particulate matter (PM) can result in adverse cardiovascular responses including vascular endothelial dysfunction, whereas exercise training can promote cardiovascular health. However, whether exercise training can mitigate adverse vascular response to PM has been less studied. In the present study, we aimed to investigate the preventive effect of exercise training on vascular endothelial dysfunction induced by PM instillation. Six-week old male Wistar rats (n = 32) were divided into four groups (8 rats per group) by exercise status (sedentary vs. exercised) and PM exposure (instilled vs. non-instilled). Rats received treadmill training with moderate-intensity intervals in week 1 to 6, followed by three repeated PM instillation on every other day in week 7. Body weight and blood pressure were measured for each rat regularly during exercise training and before sacrifice. At sacrifice, thoracic aortas were isolated for functional response measurement to agonists. Nitric oxide bioavailability and high-density lipoprotein (HDL) function were also assessed. We observed that exercise training significantly reduced the body weight of rats, while PM instillation had little effect. Neither exercise training nor PM instillation had significant effects on blood pressure changes. However, exercise training effectively prevented endothelium-dependent vasorelaxation dysfunction and nitric oxide bioavailability reduction from subsequent PM instillation. In addition, exercise training promoted HDL function which were characterized as increased HDL cholesterol level, cholesterol efflux capacity, and reduced oxidization index; whereas PM instillation showed limited adverse impact on HDL function. Collectively, our results indicated that exercise training could promote HDL function and protect against endothelium dysfunction from PM instillation.
暴露于细颗粒物（PM）可导致不良的心血管反应，包括血管内皮功能障碍，而运动训练可以促进心血管健康。然而，运动训练是否可以减轻 PM 对血管的不良影响尚未得到充分研究。在本研究中，我们旨在研究运动训练对 PM 注入引起的血管内皮功能障碍的预防作用。将 6 周龄雄性 Wistar 大鼠（n=32）按运动状态（安静对照 vs. 运动）和 PM 暴露（注入对照 vs. 未注入）分为四组（每组 8 只）。大鼠在第 1 周到第 6 周接受中等强度间隔的跑步机训练，随后在第 7 周每隔一天进行三次重复 PM 注入。在运动训练和处死前定期测量每只大鼠的体重和血压。处死时，分离胸主动脉以测量激动剂的功能反应。还评估了一氧化氮生物利用度和高密度脂蛋白（HDL）功能。我们观察到，运动训练显著降低了大鼠的体重，而 PM 注入几乎没有影响。运动训练或 PM 注入均对血压变化无显著影响。然而，运动训练有效预防了随后 PM 注入引起的内皮依赖性血管舒张功能障碍和一氧化氮生物利用度降低。此外，运动训练促进了 HDL 功能，其特征为 HDL 胆固醇水平升高、胆固醇流出能力增强和氧化指数降低；而 PM 注入对 HDL 功能的不良影响有限。总之，我们的结果表明，运动训练可以促进 HDL 功能并防止 PM 注入引起的内皮功能障碍。
