School of Natural Sciences, University of Stirling, Stirling, UK; Department of Education & Psychology, Freie Universität Berlin, Berlin, Germany.
Institute of Medical Sociology and Rehabilitation Science, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany.
J Stroke Cerebrovasc Dis. 2020 Feb;29(2):104499. doi: 10.1016/j.jstrokecerebrovasdis.2019.104499. Epub 2019 Nov 19.
Benefits of reperfusion therapies in acute ischemic stroke are highly time-dependent. It is crucial that people who witness the onset of symptoms call emergency medical services (EMS) immediately. The aim of this study was to examine whether there is a gap between recognition of stroke and responding correctly by calling EMS using a scenario-based measure.
Population-based survey of 1406 individuals from Newcastle upon Tyne, UK, examining stroke recognition and response knowledge using 12 scenario-based vignettes. The response rate was 32% out of 5000 contacted individuals. In total, 16,574 responses to scenarios were examined to investigate whether respondents would recognise stroke symptoms and indicate to call EMS immediately.
In 16% of cases people recognised stroke but did not correctly respond by indicating to call EMS. In 49% of responses people recognised stroke and would respond correctly, while in 31% of cases people both failed to correctly recognise and failed to identify the correct response to the stroke scenario. In 5% of cases stroke was not identified but a correct response was indicated. When stroke was recognised, in 25% of responses people indicated that they would not call EMS. Recognition self-efficacy and response self-efficacy were associated with correct response.
A recognition-response gap was identified among UK adults in hypothetical scenarios concerning stroke. Both recognition and translation to adequate EMS response should be explicitly addressed in interventions aiming to improve witness response to stroke. Self-efficacy may be a promising target to close the recognition-response gap.
急性缺血性脑卒中再灌注治疗的获益具有很强的时间依赖性。目睹症状发作的人立即呼叫紧急医疗服务（EMS）至关重要。本研究旨在通过基于情景的测量来检验在识别中风和正确拨打 EMS 之间是否存在差距。
在英国泰恩河畔纽卡斯尔对 1406 名个体进行了一项基于人群的调查，使用 12 个基于情景的小插图来检验中风识别和反应知识。联系了 5000 人，回应率为 32%。共检查了 16574 个对情景的反应，以调查受访者是否会识别出中风症状并立即指示呼叫 EMS。
在 16%的情况下，人们识别出了中风，但没有正确地指示呼叫 EMS。在 49%的反应中，人们识别出了中风，并会做出正确的反应，而在 31%的反应中，人们既没有正确地识别，也没有确定中风情景的正确反应。在 5%的情况下，中风没有被识别出来，但却指示了正确的反应。当中风被识别出来时，在 25%的反应中，人们表示不会呼叫 EMS。识别自我效能感和反应自我效能感与正确反应相关。
在英国成年人关于中风的假设情景中，识别-反应差距已经被识别出来。在旨在提高目击者对中风反应的干预措施中，应该明确解决识别和转化为适当的 EMS 反应的问题。自我效能感可能是缩小识别-反应差距的一个有前途的目标。
