Department of Pharmacology, Therapeutics & Toxicology (PTT), Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Lagos, P.M.B. 12003, Lagos, Nigeria; Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, Obafemi Awolowo College of Health Sciences, Olabisi Onabanjo University, Sagamu, Ogun State, Nigeria.
Department of Pharmacology, Therapeutics & Toxicology (PTT), Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Lagos, P.M.B. 12003, Lagos, Nigeria.
J Ethnopharmacol. 2020 Mar 1;249:112420. doi: 10.1016/j.jep.2019.112420. Epub 2019 Nov 20.
Newbouldia laevis (Bignoniaceae) is a woody tropical plant commonly found in southwest Nigeria. Ethnobotanical survey and literature revealed its application in the management of CNS disorders e.g. psychosis, insomnia, convulsions and associated anxiety and depression. This study evaluated the anxiolytic and antidepressant activities of the hydroethanol leaf extract of N. laevis in mice.
The hole-board (HBT), elevated plus maze (EPMT), light/dark exploration (LDET), open field (OFT), social interaction (SIT) (anxiolytic activity), forced swim (FST) and tail suspension (TST) (antidepressant property) tests were employed in this investigation. Mice randomly allotted to different groups were treated orally with distilled water (10 ml/kg), diazepam (1 and 3 mg/kg), imipramine (20 mg/kg) and N. laevis (25-200 mg/kg). The mice were subjected to the various tests 60 min post-treatment.
In the HBT, N. laevis (25 and 100 mg/kg) increased the number of sectional crossings significantly (p < 0.05). In the OFT, N. laevis (25-200 mg/kg) increased the number of general square crossings, centre square crossings, rearings and assisted rearings (p < 0.05). In the EPMT, the extract (25 and 50 mg/kg) increased the open arms time spent, number of head dips and entry (p < 0.05). In the LDET, N. laevis increased the number of transitions at 100 and 200 mg/kg (p < 0.05). For the SIT, N. laevis (25 and 200 mg/kg) increased the frequency and duration of interaction respectively (p < 0.05). In the FST and TST, N. laevis (25-200 mg/kg) increased the latency and reduced the total duration of immobility (p < 0.05). The effect of the extract on duration of immobility was significantly reversed by sulpiride (Dopamine D receptor antagonist).
The hydroethanol leaf extract of N. laevis possesses anxiolytic- and antidepressant-like activities, the later possibly mediated by dopaminergic enhancement(s).
新布氏木蓝（紫葳科）是一种常见于尼日利亚西南部的木本热带植物。民族植物学调查和文献表明，它可用于治疗中枢神经系统疾病，如精神病、失眠、惊厥以及相关的焦虑和抑郁。本研究评估了新布氏木蓝水醇提物的抗焦虑和抗抑郁活性。
采用洞板（HBT）、高架十字迷宫（EPMT）、明暗探索（LDET）、旷场（OFT）、社交互动（SIT）（抗焦虑活性）、强迫游泳（FST）和悬尾（TST）（抗抑郁特性）试验进行了此次研究。将随机分配到不同组的小鼠分别给予蒸馏水（10ml/kg）、地西泮（1 和 3mg/kg）、丙咪嗪（20mg/kg）和新布氏木蓝（25-200mg/kg）进行口服治疗。在治疗后 60 分钟，将小鼠置于各种试验中。
在 HBT 中，新布氏木蓝（25 和 100mg/kg）显著增加了穿越的次数（p<0.05）。在 OFT 中，新布氏木蓝（25-200mg/kg）增加了一般方格穿越、中央方格穿越、后躯和辅助后躯的次数（p<0.05）。在 EPMT 中，提取物（25 和 50mg/kg）增加了敞臂时间、头浸入次数和进入次数（p<0.05）。在 LDET 中，新布氏木蓝在 100 和 200mg/kg 时增加了过渡的次数（p<0.05）。在 SIT 中，新布氏木蓝（25 和 200mg/kg）分别增加了互动的频率和持续时间（p<0.05）。在 FST 和 TST 中，新布氏木蓝（25-200mg/kg）增加了潜伏期并减少了总不动时间（p<0.05）。该提取物对不动时间的影响可被舒必利（多巴胺 D 受体拮抗剂）显著逆转。
新布氏木蓝的水醇提物具有抗焦虑和抗抑郁样活性，后者可能是通过多巴胺能增强来介导的。
