Department of Chemistry, Iran University of Science and Technology, Tehran 16846-13114, Iran.
Department of Chemistry, Iran University of Science and Technology, Tehran 16846-13114, Iran.
Life Sci. 2020 Jan 1;240:117099. doi: 10.1016/j.lfs.2019.117099. Epub 2019 Nov 21.
Obviously, delivery of the medications to the brain is more difficult than other tissues due to the existence of a strong obstacle, which is called blood-brain barrier (BBB). Because of the lipophilic nature of this barrier, it would be a complex (and in many cases impossible) process to cross the medications with hydrophilic behavior from BBB and deliver them to the brain. Thus, novel intricate drug-carriers in nano scales have been recently developed and suitably applied for this purpose. One of the most important categories of these hydrophilic medications, are reactivators for acetyl cholinesterase (AChE) enzyme that facilitates the breakdown of acetylcholine (as a neurotransmitter). The AChE function is inhibited by organophosphorus (OP) nerve agents that are extremely used in military conflicts. In this review, the abilities of the nanosized drug delivery systems to perform as suitable vehicles for AChE reactivators are comprehensively discussed.
显然，由于存在强大的障碍（即血脑屏障[BBB]），药物向大脑的递送比向其他组织更困难。由于这种屏障具有亲脂性，因此对于具有亲水性的药物来说，穿过 BBB 并将其递送到大脑是一个复杂的过程（在许多情况下是不可能的）。因此，最近已经开发出新型复杂的纳米级药物载体，并适当地将其用于此目的。这些亲水性药物中最重要的一类是乙酰胆碱酯酶（AChE）酶的重激活剂，它有助于乙酰胆碱（作为神经递质）的分解。AChE 的功能被有机磷（OP）神经毒剂抑制，这些毒剂在军事冲突中被广泛使用。在这篇综述中，全面讨论了纳米级药物递送系统作为 AChE 重激活剂的合适载体的能力。
