使用亚临界R134a/丁烷提取菜籽饼油：工艺优化与质量评估
Extraction of rapeseed cake oil using subcritical R134a/butane: Process optimization and quality evaluation.
作者信息
Guo Tingting, Wan Chuyun, Huang Fenghong
机构信息
Oil Crops Research Institute Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences Wuhan China.
Hubei Key Laboratory of Lipid Chemistry and Nutrition Wuhan China.
出版信息
Food Sci Nutr. 2019 Sep 26;7(11):3570-3580. doi: 10.1002/fsn3.1209. eCollection 2019 Nov.
The optimal extraction conditions of rapeseed cake oil using subcritical R134a/butane were established by response surface methodology. The quality of subcritical R134a/butane extraction oil (SRBEO) was compared with supercritical CO extraction oil (SCOEO) and hexane extraction oil (HXEO). The results showed the highest extraction yield obtained by subcritical R134a/butane in the condition of R134a-butane ratio of 1.5 kg/kg, at 45°C for 50 min. Compared with SCOEO and HXEO, the extraction yield and β-carotene content of SRBEO (87.76%, 357.21 μg/100g) were the highest. The content of phospholipids and canolol in SRBEO (3.01 mg/g, 118.51 mg/100 g) was higher than SCOEO (not detected, 95.82 mg/100 g) and less than HXEO (25.78 mg/g, 131.85 mg/100 g). The tocopherols in SRBEO were equivalent to SCOEO but phytosterol content of SRBEO (560.19 mg/100 g) was less than SCOEO (591.40 mg/100 g). For fatty acids, the three extraction oils had slight difference. Thus, subcritical R134a/butane extraction appeared to be feasible for rapeseed cake oil extraction.
采用响应面法确定了亚临界R134a/丁烷提取菜籽油的最佳工艺条件。将亚临界R134a/丁烷提取油（SRBEO）与超临界CO2提取油（SCOEO）和己烷提取油（HXEO）的品质进行了比较。结果表明，在R134a与丁烷比例为1.5 kg/kg、45℃下提取50 min的条件下，亚临界R134a/丁烷的提取率最高。与SCOEO和HXEO相比，SRBEO的提取率（87.76%）和β-胡萝卜素含量（357.21 μg/100g）最高。SRBEO中磷脂和菜籽酚的含量（3.01 mg/g，118.51 mg/100g）高于SCOEO（未检出，95.82 mg/100g），低于HXEO（25.78 mg/g，131.85 mg/100g）。SRBEO中的生育酚含量与SCOEO相当，但SRBEO的植物甾醇含量（560.19 mg/100g）低于SCOEO（591.40 mg/100g）。对于脂肪酸，三种提取油差异不大。因此，亚临界R134a/丁烷提取菜籽油似乎是可行的。
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