Miao Jianyin, Che Ke, Xi Ruchun, He Liping, Chen Xuexiang, Guan Xiaosheng, Zhuang Xueying, Wen Xiujun, Cao Yong
College of Food Science, South China Agricultural University, No. 483 Wushan Road, Guangzhou, 510642 People's Republic of China ; College of Ocean, Qinzhou University, Qinzhou, 535000 People's Republic of China.
J Am Oil Chem Soc. 2013;90(10):1503-1508. doi: 10.1007/s11746-013-2293-1. Epub 2013 Jul 10.
A novel continuous subcritical -butane extraction technique for seed oil was explored. The fatty acid composition, physicochemical properties, and benzo[a]pyrene content of seed oil extracted using this subcritical technique were analyzed. Orthogonal experiment design (L(3)) was adopted to optimize extraction conditions. At a temperature of 45 °C, a pressure of 0.5 MPa, a time of 50 min and a bulk density of 0.7 kg/L, an extraction yield of 99.12 ± 0.20 % was obtained. The major components of seed oil are oleic acid (73.12 ± 0.40 %), palmitic acid (10.38 ± 0.05 %), and linoleic acid (9.15 ± 0.03 %). Unsaturated fatty acids represent 83.78 ± 0.03 % of the total fatty acids present. Eight physicochemical indexes were assayed, namely, iodine value (83.00 ± 0.21 g I/100 g), saponification value (154.81 ± 2.00 mg KOH/g), freezing-point (-8.00 ± 0.10 °C), unsaponifiable matter (5.00 ± 0.40 g/kg), smoke point (215.00 ± 1.00 °C), acid value (1.24 ± 0.03 mg KOH/g), refrigeration test (transparent, at 0 °C for 5.5 h), and refractive index (1.46 ± 0.06, at 25 °C). Benzo[a]pyrene was not detected in seed oil extracted by continuous subcritical -butane extraction. In comparison, the benzo[a]pyrene levels of crude seed oil extracted by hot press extraction and refined seed oil were measured at 26.55 ± 0.70 and 5.69 ± 0.04 μg/kg respectively.
探索了一种用于提取籽油的新型连续亚临界丁烷萃取技术。分析了采用该亚临界技术提取的籽油的脂肪酸组成、理化性质和苯并[a]芘含量。采用正交试验设计（L(3)）优化萃取条件。在温度为45℃、压力为0.5MPa、时间为50分钟、堆积密度为0.7kg/L的条件下，萃取产率为99.12±0.20%。籽油的主要成分是油酸（73.12±0.40%）、棕榈酸（10.38±0.05%）和亚油酸（9.15±0.03%）。不饱和脂肪酸占总脂肪酸的83.78±0.03%。测定了八项理化指标，即碘值（83.00±0.21g I/100g）、皂化值（154.81±2.00mg KOH/g）、冰点（-8.00±0.10℃）、不皂化物（5.00±0.40g/kg）、烟点（215.00±1.00℃）、酸值（1.24±0.03mg KOH/g）、冷冻试验（透明，0℃下5.5小时）和折射率（25℃下1.46±0.06）。连续亚临界丁烷萃取提取的籽油中未检测到苯并[a]芘。相比之下，热榨提取的粗籽油和精炼籽油中的苯并[a]芘含量分别测定为26.55±0.70和5.69±0.04μg/kg。
