Saxon A J, Calsyn D A, Haver V M, Delaney C J
West J Med. 1988 Sep;149(3):296-303.
Urine drug screening is indicated to evaluate patients who show mental status or behavioral changes and to monitor the abstinence of drug abusers. The appropriate timing for collecting urine specimens may vary depending on the suspected drug of abuse and on laboratory factors. Laboratories use a variety of techniques to do urine screens, and these must be understood by clinicians ordering the screens to interpret results correctly. In treating drug-abusing patients, clinicians must apply structured reinforcement in conjunction with urine screen results to aid patients in achieving abstinence.
尿液药物筛查适用于评估出现精神状态或行为改变的患者，以及监测药物滥用者的戒毒情况。采集尿液标本的合适时机可能因疑似滥用药物和实验室因素而异。实验室使用多种技术进行尿液筛查，开具筛查医嘱的临床医生必须了解这些技术，以便正确解读结果。在治疗药物滥用患者时，临床医生必须结合尿液筛查结果应用结构化强化措施，以帮助患者实现戒毒。
