Department of Veterinary Science, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy.
Entomox Srl (Disinfestation and Rat Extermination), Pisa, Italy.
J Insect Sci. 2019 Nov 1;19(6). doi: 10.1093/jisesa/iez111.
Increased concerns regarding the safety of many chemicals used as insecticides or repellents, together with the development of resistance by insects to various insecticides, have led to the search for new active natural ingredients. For what we believe is the first time, that is monitored the efficiency of neem oil (Azadirachta indica) as a repellent against adult Aedes albopictus directly in the field. To test the efficacy of repellency against adults, treatments were performed (5 ml/l) in six different locations. For each location, two closed gardens distance between them 200 m were chosen (one where the treatment was performed, consisting in spraying a mixture of water and Neem oil 5 g/l and one which was used as a control where only water with emulsifier was used). To monitor the treatment efficacy, six ovitraps were used (for each location three for the treated garden and three for the control garden). Data (n° mosquito eggs trapped in each ovitrap) were collected weekly for 6 mo (from May to October) for a total of 900 samplings. Daily temperature and daily rainfall were monitored throughout the trial. The treatment was most effective in June and July. Very high temperatures and high rainfall reduced the efficacy of neem oil over time.
人们越来越关注用作杀虫剂或驱虫剂的许多化学物质的安全性，再加上昆虫对各种杀虫剂产生抗药性，这促使人们寻找新的有效天然成分。据我们所知，这是首次在实地直接监测印楝油（Azadirachta indica）作为驱避剂防治成年白纹伊蚊的效果。为了测试对成虫的驱避效果，在六个不同地点进行了处理（5 毫升/升）。对于每个地点，选择了两个相距 200 米的封闭花园（一个进行处理，即喷洒水和印楝油 5 克/升的混合物，另一个用作对照，仅使用含乳化剂的水）。为了监测处理效果，使用了六个诱卵器（每个地点三个用于处理花园，三个用于对照花园）。每周收集数据（每个诱卵器捕获的蚊子卵数），共收集 6 个月（从 5 月到 10 月），共 900 次采样。整个试验过程中都监测了每日温度和每日降雨量。该处理在 6 月和 7 月最有效。非常高的温度和高降雨量会随着时间的推移降低印楝油的功效。
