Yang Jiaomei, Kang Yijun, Cheng Yue, Zeng Lingxia, Shen Yuan, Shi Guoshuai, Liu Yezhou, Qu Pengfei, Zhang Ruo, Yan Hong, Dang Shaonong
Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China.
Department of Nutrition and Food Safety, School of Public Health, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China.
Int J Cardiol. 2020 Feb 15;301:74-79. doi: 10.1016/j.ijcard.2019.11.115. Epub 2019 Nov 18.
The relationships between iron nutritional status and congenital heart defects (CHDs) among humans are still unclear. This study aimed to explore the associations of maternal iron intake during pregnancy and maternal and neonatal iron status with CHDs.
This hospital-based case-control study analyzed 474 cases and 948 controls in Shaanxi China. Eligible women waiting for delivery in the hospital were interviewed to report their diets and characteristics during pregnancy. We conveniently collected maternal blood before delivery and neonatal cord blood to get a subgroup of 50 cases and 100 controls. Mixed logistic regression models were used to estimate ORs (95%CIs) for CHDs associated with iron intake. Mixed linear regression models were used to assess the relationships between CHDs and iron status.
Mothers whose fetuses have CHDs were less likely to have higher intakes of total iron and heme iron during pregnancy, and the tests for linear trend were significant (all P < 0.05). Mothers whose fetuses have CHDs were less likely to take iron supplements during pregnancy (OR = 0.28, 95%CI: 0.21, 0.36) and during the first trimester (OR = 0.32, 95%CI: 0.12, 0.84). Maternal SF and Hb concentrations before delivery were lower and maternal sTfR/SF before delivery was higher among the cases than the controls.
Mothers whose fetuses have CHDs are less likely to have higher intakes of total iron and heme iron and take iron supplements during pregnancy compared to their counterparts. Maternal iron status before delivery is low among mothers whose fetuses have CHDs.
人类铁营养状况与先天性心脏病（CHD）之间的关系仍不明确。本研究旨在探讨孕期母亲铁摄入量以及母亲和新生儿铁状态与先天性心脏病之间的关联。
这项基于医院的病例对照研究分析了中国陕西的474例病例和948例对照。对在医院等待分娩的符合条件的妇女进行访谈，以报告她们孕期的饮食和特征。我们方便地收集了分娩前的母亲血液和新生儿脐带血，得到了一个包含50例病例和100例对照的亚组。使用混合逻辑回归模型估计与铁摄入量相关的先天性心脏病的比值比（OR）（95%置信区间）。使用混合线性回归模型评估先天性心脏病与铁状态之间的关系。
胎儿患有先天性心脏病的母亲在孕期摄入总铁和血红素铁较高的可能性较小，线性趋势检验具有显著性（所有P<0.05）。胎儿患有先天性心脏病的母亲在孕期（OR=0.28，95%置信区间：0.21，0.36）和孕早期（OR=0.32，95%置信区间：0.12，0.84）服用铁补充剂的可能性较小。病例组分娩前的母亲血清铁蛋白（SF）和血红蛋白（Hb）浓度较低，分娩前的母亲可溶性转铁蛋白受体/血清铁蛋白（sTfR/SF）较高。
与胎儿未患先天性心脏病的母亲相比，胎儿患有先天性心脏病的母亲在孕期摄入总铁和血红素铁较高以及服用铁补充剂的可能性较小。胎儿患有先天性心脏病的母亲分娩前的铁状态较低。
