孕妇铁营养与胎儿宫内生长。
Maternal iron nutrition during pregnancy and fetal intrauterine growth.
机构信息
Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China.
Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China.
出版信息
Nutr J. 2024 Nov 9;23(1):140. doi: 10.1186/s12937-024-01042-z.
BACKGROUND
Iron is critical for maternal and fetal health; however, the effect of iron nutrition on fetal intrauterine growth remains unclear. This study aimed to investigate the associations of maternal iron nutrition during pregnancy with fetal intrauterine growth parameters among the Chinese population.
METHODS
This retrospective birth cohort study included 482 pregnant women. Maternal information was collected by standard questionnaires. Maternal concentrations of serum ferritin and hemoglobin were detected. Fetal ultrasound examinations in the second and third trimesters were conducted. Quantile regression or linear regression models were applied to assess the associations.
RESULTS
Participants took iron supplementation in early, mid, and late pregnancy accounted for 19.1%, 40.3%, and 37.8%, respectively. Iron supplementation in the first and second trimesters and total iron intake in pregnancy were positively associated with fetal intrauterine growth parameters at some percentiles. Compared with those without iron supplementation in the second trimester, women with iron supplementation in the second trimester had 0.37 (95%CI = 0.24-0.49), 0.37 (95%CI = 0.26-0.48), 0.15 (95%CI = 0.04-0.26), and 0.52 (95%CI = 0.42-0.61) higher z-scores in fetal biparietal diameter, femur length, abdominal circumference, and estimated fetal weight at the 50th percentile in the second trimester, respectively. Maternal serum ferritin and hemoglobin concentrations in the first and second trimesters were positively correlated with several fetal growth parameters.
CONCLUSIONS
Fetal intrauterine growth may benefit from maternal iron nutrition in the first and second trimesters.
背景
铁对于母婴健康至关重要；然而，铁营养对胎儿宫内生长的影响尚不清楚。本研究旨在探讨中国人群中孕妇孕期铁营养状况与胎儿宫内生长参数的关系。
方法
这是一项回顾性出生队列研究，纳入了 482 名孕妇。通过标准问卷收集孕妇信息。检测孕妇血清铁蛋白和血红蛋白浓度。在妊娠第二和第三个三个月进行胎儿超声检查。应用分位数回归或线性回归模型评估相关性。
结果
参与者分别在妊娠早期、中期和晚期服用铁补充剂的比例为 19.1%、40.3%和 37.8%。妊娠早期和中期铁补充以及孕期总铁摄入量与某些百分位的胎儿宫内生长参数呈正相关。与妊娠中期无铁补充的女性相比，妊娠中期有铁补充的女性胎儿双顶径、股骨长、腹围和估计胎儿体重在第二季度的第 50 百分位的 z 评分分别高出 0.37（95%CI=0.24-0.49）、0.37（95%CI=0.26-0.48）、0.15（95%CI=0.04-0.26）和 0.52（95%CI=0.42-0.61）。妊娠第一和第二季度的母体血清铁蛋白和血红蛋白浓度与几个胎儿生长参数呈正相关。
结论
胎儿宫内生长可能受益于妊娠第一和第二季度的母体铁营养。
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