Fan S X, Yin J Y, Wang J, Wang M, Li Y S, Guan W X
Department of Surgery, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing 210008, China.
Department of Physiology and Gastroenterology Division, Medical School of Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland 21201, USA.
Zhonghua Wei Chang Wai Ke Za Zhi. 2019 Nov 25;22(11):1095-1100. doi: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.1671-0274.2019.11.017.
Colonic organoids are three-dimensional organotypic cultures of the colonic stem cells or pluripotent stem cells. Its essence is the culture of colonic stem cells or pluripotent stem cells, and their derived intestinal epithelial cells, intestinal endocrine cells and goblet cells in basement membrane extract with specific growth factors. Colonic organoids are comprised of all major types of colonic epithelial cells and represent the architecture and function remarkably similar to those of the colonic epithelium, faithfully recapitulating the functional colonic epithelium ex vivo. As a superior basic experimental model, colonic organoids are representing advantages over conventional cell models and animal models in many aspects, such as high successful rate, short productive cycle, and high consistency with source tissue. Since first reported in 2011, colonic organoids have soon become an important topic in the field of colonic diseases. It has now been applied in the field of physiology of colonic epithelium, infectious diarrhea, ulcerative colitis, regeneration of intestinal injury, and colon tumors. In this review, we summarize the research advances of establishment and application of colonic organoids.
结肠类器官是结肠干细胞或多能干细胞的三维器官型培养物。其实质是结肠干细胞或多能干细胞及其衍生的肠上皮细胞、肠内分泌细胞和杯状细胞在含有特定生长因子的基底膜提取物中的培养。结肠类器官由所有主要类型的结肠上皮细胞组成，其结构和功能与结肠上皮非常相似，能在体外忠实地重现功能性结肠上皮。作为一种优越的基础实验模型，结肠类器官在许多方面比传统细胞模型和动物模型更具优势，如成功率高、生产周期短以及与源组织高度一致。自2011年首次报道以来，结肠类器官很快成为结肠疾病领域的一个重要课题。目前它已应用于结肠上皮生理学、感染性腹泻、溃疡性结肠炎、肠道损伤修复以及结肠肿瘤等领域。在本综述中，我们总结了结肠类器官建立和应用的研究进展。
