Institute of Virology, Medical Center, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany.
Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany.
Hum Genet. 2020 Jun;139(6-7):695-705. doi: 10.1007/s00439-019-02092-8. Epub 2019 Nov 26.
The human MxA protein, encoded by the interferon-inducible MX1 gene, is an intracellular influenza A virus (IAV) restriction factor. It can protect transgenic mice from severe IAV-induced disease, indicating a key role of human MxA for host survival and suggesting that natural variations in MX1 may account for inter-individual differences in disease severity among humans. MxA also provides a robust barrier against zoonotic transmissions of avian and swine IAV strains. Therefore, zoonotic IAV must acquire MxA escape mutations to achieve sustained human-to-human transmission. Here, we discuss recent progress in the field.
人 MxA 蛋白由干扰素诱导的 MX1 基因编码，是一种细胞内流感 A 病毒（IAV）限制因子。它可以保护转基因小鼠免受严重的 IAV 诱导的疾病，这表明人 MxA 对于宿主的生存至关重要，并表明 MX1 的自然变异可能导致人类疾病严重程度的个体间差异。MxA 还为禽流感和猪流感病毒株的人畜共患病传播提供了强大的屏障。因此，人畜共患病 IAV 必须获得 MxA 逃逸突变才能实现持续的人与人之间的传播。在这里，我们讨论该领域的最新进展。
