Neumann Gabriele, Eisfeld Amie J, Kawaoka Yoshihiro
Department of Pathobiological Sciences, Influenza Research Institute, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, USA.
Department of Virology, Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan.
Microbiol Mol Biol Rev. 2025 Jun 25;89(2):e0006624. doi: 10.1128/mmbr.00066-24. Epub 2025 May 9.
SUMMARYOver the past 25 years, there has been an increasing number of mammalian (including human) infections caused by avian influenza A viruses that resulted in mild to severe illnesses. These viruses typically did not spread between mammals through aerosols in nature or in experimental settings. However, recently, this has changed, with several avian influenza A viruses exhibiting aerosol transmissibility among mammals, indicating that these viruses may pose a greater pandemic risk. In this review, we examine the current situation and discuss the mutations that may be necessary for avian influenza A viruses to efficiently replicate in mammals and transmit among them via aerosols.
摘要
在过去25年中，甲型禽流感病毒引起的哺乳动物（包括人类）感染数量不断增加，导致从轻度到重度的疾病。这些病毒通常不会在自然环境或实验环境中通过气溶胶在哺乳动物之间传播。然而，最近情况发生了变化，几种甲型禽流感病毒在哺乳动物中表现出气溶胶传播能力，这表明这些病毒可能构成更大的大流行风险。在本综述中，我们研究了当前形势，并讨论了甲型禽流感病毒在哺乳动物中高效复制并通过气溶胶在它们之间传播可能所需的突变。
