Ward Dianne S, Vaughn Amber E
Department of Nutrition in the Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA,
Center for Health Promotion and Disease Prevention, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA.
Nestle Nutr Inst Workshop Ser. 2019;92:83-94. doi: 10.1159/000499550. Epub 2019 Nov 28.
Early care and education (ECE) programs can have a positive influence on children's nutrition by ensuring that they eat a healthful diet and develop a positive relationship with food during the early years, from birth to age 5 years. Dietary habits take root early in life, carry into adolescence and adulthood, and affect immediate and long-term disease risk, including cardiovascular disease and obesity. In the United States and most other countries, ECE programs serve large numbers of children, providing care for most of children's waking hours as well as 50-75% of daily calories. Nutrition education, defined broadly as education, environmental supports, and policy, can be highly influential on children's nutrition. The "4-Ps" is a useful mnemonic when describing the multiple opportunities within ECE programs to address child nutrition, referring to provisions, practices, planned education and outreach, and policy. ECE administrators and teachers need assistance and support to improve nutrition education within their programs. An effective strategy for achieving such improvements is Go NAPSACC, an on-line suite of tools that guides ECE programs through a system for continuous quality improvement. It is critical that nutrition experts and policy makers assume a leadership role in helping ECE programs and the children and families they serve.
早期护理和教育（ECE）项目可以通过确保儿童从出生到5岁的早年时期食用健康饮食并与食物建立积极关系，对儿童营养产生积极影响。饮食习惯在生命早期扎根，延续到青春期和成年期，并影响包括心血管疾病和肥胖症在内的近期和长期疾病风险。在美国和大多数其他国家，ECE项目为大量儿童提供服务，涵盖了儿童大部分清醒时间以及每日50%至75%的卡路里摄入。广义上定义为教育、环境支持和政策的营养教育，对儿童营养具有高度影响力。在描述ECE项目中解决儿童营养问题的多种机会时，“4P”是一个有用的助记符，分别指供应、实践、计划教育与推广以及政策。ECE管理人员和教师需要获得协助与支持，以改善其项目中的营养教育。实现此类改进的一项有效策略是Go NAPSACC，这是一套在线工具套件，通过一个持续质量改进系统来指导ECE项目。营养专家和政策制定者在帮助ECE项目及其所服务的儿童和家庭方面发挥领导作用至关重要。
