Department of Non-clinical Drug Safety, Celgene Corporation, 10300 Campus Point Dr., San Diego, CA 92121, USA.
Department of Non-clinical Drug Safety, Celgene Corporation, 10300 Campus Point Dr., San Diego, CA 92121, USA.
J Immunol Methods. 2020 Mar;478:112714. doi: 10.1016/j.jim.2019.112714. Epub 2019 Nov 26.
With the explosion of immuno-oncology and the approval of many immune checkpoint therapies by regulatory agencies in the last few years, understanding the tumor microenvironment (TME) in the context of patients' immune status has become essential. Among available immune profiling techniques, multiplex immunofluorescence (mIF) assays offer the unique advantage of preserving the architectural features of the tumor and revealing the spatial relationships between tumor cells and immune cells. A number of mIF and image analysis assays have been described for solid tumors but most are not sufficiently suitable in lymphoma, where the lack of clear tumor-stromal boundaries and high tumor density present significant challenges. Here we describe the development and optimization of a reliable workflow using Akoya Opal staining kits to label and analyze 6 markers per slide in diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) tissue sections. Five panels totaling 30 markers were developed to characterize infiltrating immune cells and relevant check-point proteins such as PD1, PD-L1, ICOS, SIRP-alpha and Lag3 on 70 DLBCL sections. Multiplexed sections were scanned using an Akoya multispectral scanner. An image analysis workflow using InForm and Matlab was developed to overcome challenges inherent to the DLBCL environment. Using the assays and workflows detailed here, we were able to quantify cell densities of subsets of infiltrating immune cells and observe their spatial patterns within the tumors. We highlight heterogeneous distribution of cytotoxic T cells across tumors with similar T cell density to underscores the importance of considering spatial context when studying the effects of immunological therapies in DLBCL.
近年来,免疫肿瘤学的发展以及许多免疫检查点疗法获得监管机构的批准,使得了解患者免疫状态背景下的肿瘤微环境(TME)变得至关重要。在现有的免疫分析技术中,多重免疫荧光(mIF)检测具有独特的优势,它可以保留肿瘤的结构特征,并揭示肿瘤细胞与免疫细胞之间的空间关系。已经有许多用于实体瘤的 mIF 和图像分析检测方法,但大多数在淋巴瘤中并不适用,因为淋巴瘤缺乏明确的肿瘤-基质边界,并且肿瘤密度较高,这带来了重大挑战。在这里,我们描述了一种使用 Akoya Opal 染色试剂盒的可靠工作流程的开发和优化,该流程可用于对弥漫性大 B 细胞淋巴瘤(DLBCL)组织切片中的 6 种标志物进行标记和分析。总共开发了 5 个面板,共计 30 个标志物,用于对 70 个 DLBCL 切片中的浸润免疫细胞以及相关检查点蛋白(如 PD1、PD-L1、ICOS、SIRP-α和 Lag3)进行特征分析。使用 Akoya 多光谱扫描仪对多重化切片进行扫描。开发了一种使用 InForm 和 Matlab 的图像分析工作流程,以克服 DLBCL 环境固有的挑战。使用此处详细介绍的检测方法和工作流程,我们能够量化浸润免疫细胞亚群的细胞密度,并观察它们在肿瘤内的空间模式。我们强调了细胞毒性 T 细胞在具有相似 T 细胞密度的肿瘤中的异质性分布,这突显了在研究免疫疗法对 DLBCL 的影响时考虑空间背景的重要性。
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