Simon Hans-Uwe, Yousefi Shida, Germic Nina, Arnold Isabelle C, Haczku Angela, Karaulov Alexander V, Simon Dagmar, Rosenberg Helene F
Institute of Pharmacology, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland,
Department of Clinical Immunology and Allergology, Sechenov University, Moscow, Russian Federation,
Int Arch Allergy Immunol. 2020;181(1):11-23. doi: 10.1159/000504847. Epub 2019 Nov 29.
Eosinophils and their secretory mediators play an important role in the pathogenesis of infectious and inflammatory disorders. Although eosinophils are largely evolutionally conserved, their physiologic functions are not well understood. Given the availability of new eosinophil-targeted depletion therapies, there has been a renewed interest in understanding eosinophil biology as these strategies may result in secondary disorders when applied over long periods of time. Recent data suggest that eosinophils are not only involved in immunological effector functions but also carry out tissue protective and immunoregulatory functions that actively contribute to the maintenance of homeostasis. Prolonged eosinophil depletion may therefore result in the development of secondary disorders. Here, we review recent literature pointing to important roles for eosinophils in promoting immune defense, antibody production, activation of adipose tissue, and tissue remodeling and fibrosis. We also reflect on patient data from clinical trials that feature anti-eosinophil therapeutics.
嗜酸性粒细胞及其分泌介质在感染性和炎症性疾病的发病机制中起重要作用。尽管嗜酸性粒细胞在很大程度上在进化过程中是保守的，但其生理功能尚未得到充分了解。鉴于新的嗜酸性粒细胞靶向清除疗法的出现，人们对了解嗜酸性粒细胞生物学重新产生了兴趣，因为这些策略长期应用可能会导致继发性疾病。最近的数据表明，嗜酸性粒细胞不仅参与免疫效应功能，还执行组织保护和免疫调节功能，积极有助于维持体内平衡。因此，长期的嗜酸性粒细胞清除可能会导致继发性疾病的发生。在这里，我们回顾了最近的文献，这些文献指出嗜酸性粒细胞在促进免疫防御、抗体产生、脂肪组织激活以及组织重塑和纤维化方面的重要作用。我们还思考了以抗嗜酸性粒细胞治疗为特色的临床试验中的患者数据。
