叶酸补充、饮食叶酸摄入与中国小于胎龄儿风险的关系。
Folic acid supplementation, dietary folate intake and risk of small for gestational age in China.
机构信息
Neonatology Department, Gansu Provincial Maternity and Child Care Hospital, 143 North Road, Qilihe District, Lanzhou730050, Gansu Province, People's Republic of China.
School of Public Health, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China.
出版信息
Public Health Nutr. 2020 Aug;23(11):1965-1973. doi: 10.1017/S1368980019003331. Epub 2019 Dec 2.
OBJECTIVE
To investigate the hypothesis that folic acid supplementation and dietary folate intake before conception and during pregnancy reduce the risk of small for gestational age (SGA) and to examine the joint effect of folic acid supplementation and dietary folate intake on the risk of SGA.
DESIGN
Participants were interviewed by trained study interviewers using a standardized and structured questionnaire. Information on birth outcomes and maternal complications was abstracted from medical records and dietary information was collected via a semi-quantitative FFQ before conception and during pregnancy.
SETTING
A birth cohort data analysis using the 2010-2012 Gansu Provincial Maternity and Child Care Hospital.
PARTICIPANTS
Women (n 8758) and their children enrolled in the study.
RESULTS
Folic acid supplementation was associated with a reduced risk of SGA (OR = 0·72, 95 % CI 0·60, 0·86), with the reduced risk seen mainly for SGA at ≥37 weeks of gestational age (OR = 0·70, 95 % CI 0·58, 0·85) and nulliparous SGA (OR = 0·67, 95 % CI 0·54, 0·84). There was no significant association between dietary folate intake and SGA risk.
CONCLUSIONS
Our study suggested that folic acid supplementation was associated with a reduced risk of SGA and the risk varied by preterm status and parity.
目的
研究假设表明，受孕前和孕期补充叶酸以及摄入叶酸可降低胎儿小于胎龄（SGA）的风险，并检验叶酸补充和叶酸摄入对 SGA 风险的联合影响。
设计
研究人员通过训练有素的研究访谈员使用标准化和结构化问卷对参与者进行访谈。从病历中提取了与出生结局和产妇并发症相关的信息，并在受孕前和孕期通过半定量 FFQ 收集了饮食信息。
地点
使用 2010-2012 年甘肃省妇幼保健院的出生队列数据分析。
参与者
参加研究的妇女（n=8758）及其子女。
结果
叶酸补充与 SGA 风险降低相关（OR=0.72，95%CI 0.60，0.86），这种降低的风险主要见于≥37 孕周的 SGA（OR=0.70，95%CI 0.58，0.85）和初产妇 SGA（OR=0.67，95%CI 0.54，0.84）。饮食叶酸摄入与 SGA 风险之间无显著关联。
结论
我们的研究表明，叶酸补充与 SGA 风险降低有关，而且这种风险因早产状态和产次而异。
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