Department of Neurology, Tianjin Neurological Institute, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China.
Center for Neurological Diseases, The Third People's Hospital of Datong, Datong, China.
Front Immunol. 2019 Nov 7;10:2576. doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2019.02576. eCollection 2019.
Cigarette smoke is a major preventable risk factor of ischemic stroke. Cigarette smoke induces a significant increase in circulating leukocytes. However, it remains unclear to what extent and by what mechanisms smoke priming influences stroke severity. Here we report that exposure to cigarette smoke exacerbated ischemic brain injury in mice subjected to transient middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO). The augmentation of neurodeficits and brain infarction was accompanied by increased production of pro-inflammatory factors and brain infiltration of neutrophils and monocytes. Prior to brain ischemia, exposure to cigarette smoke induced mobilization of peripheral neutrophils, and monocytes. Furthermore, the detrimental effects of smoke priming on ischemic brain injury were abolished either by pharmacological inhibition of the recruitment of neutrophils and monocytes or by blockade of the NLRP3 inflammasome, an effector protein of neutrophils and monocytes. Our findings suggest that cigarette smoke-induced mobilization of peripheral neutrophils and monocytes augments ischemic brain injury.
香烟烟雾是缺血性中风的一个主要可预防的风险因素。香烟烟雾会引起循环白细胞显著增加。然而，烟雾引发对中风严重程度的影响的程度和机制仍不清楚。在这里，我们报告称，香烟烟雾暴露会加重短暂性大脑中动脉闭塞（MCAO）后小鼠的缺血性脑损伤。神经功能缺损和脑梗死的增加伴随着促炎因子的产生和中性粒细胞和单核细胞向大脑的浸润。在脑缺血之前，香烟烟雾暴露会诱导外周中性粒细胞和单核细胞的动员。此外，通过抑制中性粒细胞和单核细胞的募集或阻断 NLRP3 炎性小体（中性粒细胞和单核细胞的效应蛋白）来阻断香烟烟雾引发的有害作用，可消除对缺血性脑损伤的影响。我们的研究结果表明，香烟烟雾诱导的外周中性粒细胞和单核细胞的动员会加重缺血性脑损伤。
