Michigan State University, East Lansing, United States of America.
University of Botswana, Gaborone, Botswana.
PLoS One. 2019 Dec 2;14(12):e0225890. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0225890. eCollection 2019.
The objectives of this study were to examine differences in physical activity behaviors as a function of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) status and sex, to test differences in physical activity self-efficacy (PASE), body weight satisfaction (BWS), and enjoyment of physical activity as a function of HIV status, and to determine if PASE, BWS, and enjoyment are associated with daily physical activity (daily PA), muscle strengthening activities, and sedentary behavior of youth with and without HIV. A total of 250 HIV positive (HIV+) and HIV negative (HIV-) youth from Botswana aged 12-23 years (Mean = 17.87, SD = 2.24) participated in the study. The HIV+ group (n = 88) was recruited from a previous 12-month antiretroviral therapy (ART) and nutrition intervention study. The HIV- group (n = 162) was randomly selected from public junior and senior (secondary) high schools in and around Gaborone. Participants' PASE, BWS, enjoyment of physical activity, daily PA, muscle strengthening, body mass index (BMI), and sedentary behavior were obtained using items from the Youth Risk Behavior Surveillance Survey. Multivariate analysis of variance (MANOVA) showed that the HIV- group (M = 1.20, SE = 0.06, CI = 1.08 to 1.32) had significantly higher daily PA than the HIV+ group (M = 0.99, SE = 0.08, CI = 0.82 to 1.15). The HIV- group (M = 0.91, SE = 0.06, CI = 0.79 to 1.03) also reported participating significantly more in muscle strengthening activities than the HIV+ group (M = 0.63, SD = 0.08, CI = 0.47 to 0.78). Multiple regression analyses showed that higher PASE (p < .001) and greater enjoyment of PA (p < .01) were predictive of higher daily PA. HIV- participants had higher PASE but lower BWS compared to HIV+ participants. Sex and age differences were observed in muscle strengthening activities and sedentary behavior. This study supports previous findings on the association of efficacy beliefs to daily PA and muscle strengthening activities. The findings have implications for PA interventions aimed at health promotion and mitigation of the effects of living with HIV/AIDS.
本研究旨在探讨人类免疫缺陷病毒（HIV）状况和性别对身体活动行为的影响，检验身体活动自我效能感（PASE）、体重满意度（BWS）和对身体活动的享受在 HIV 状况中的差异，并确定 PASE、BWS 和享受与青少年的日常身体活动（日常 PA）、肌肉强化活动和久坐行为相关，无论其是否感染 HIV。本研究共招募了来自博茨瓦纳的 250 名年龄在 12-23 岁之间的 HIV 阳性（HIV+）和 HIV 阴性（HIV-）青年（均值=17.87，标准差=2.24）。HIV+组（n=88）是从之前的为期 12 个月的抗逆转录病毒治疗（ART）和营养干预研究中招募的。HIV-组（n=162）是从哈博罗内及其周边地区的公立初中和高中随机挑选的。参与者的 PASE、BWS、对身体活动的享受、日常 PA、肌肉强化、体重指数（BMI）和久坐行为是通过使用《青年风险行为监测调查》中的项目获得的。多变量方差分析（MANOVA）显示，HIV-组（M=1.20，SE=0.06，CI=1.08-1.32）的日常 PA 显著高于 HIV+组（M=0.99，SE=0.08，CI=0.82-1.15）。HIV-组（M=0.91，SE=0.06，CI=0.79-1.03）报告的肌肉强化活动也明显多于 HIV+组（M=0.63，SD=0.08，CI=0.47-0.78）。多元回归分析表明，更高的 PASE（p<.001）和更大的对 PA 的享受（p<.01）与更高的日常 PA 相关。与 HIV+参与者相比，HIV-参与者的 PASE 更高，但 BWS 更低。在肌肉强化活动和久坐行为方面观察到了性别和年龄差异。本研究支持了先前关于效能信念与日常 PA 和肌肉强化活动之间关联的发现。这些发现对旨在促进健康和减轻感染 HIV/AIDS 影响的 PA 干预措施具有意义。
