Chen Zhenyao, Lei Tianyao, Chen Xin, Gu Jingyao, Huang Jiali, Lu Binbin, Wang Zhaoxia
Cancer Medical Center, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210011, Jiangsu, PR China.
Cancer Medical Center, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210011, Jiangsu, PR China.
Clin Chim Acta. 2020 May;504:190-200. doi: 10.1016/j.cca.2019.11.031. Epub 2019 Nov 29.
Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer-related death worldwide. Owing to the difficulty in early diagnosis and the lack of effective treatment strategies, the 5-year survival rates for lung cancer remain very low. With the development of whole genome and transcriptome sequencing technology, long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) has attracted increasing attention. LncRNAs regulate gene expression at the epigenetic, transcriptional and post-transcriptional levels and are widely involved in a variety of diseases, including tumorigenesis. In lung cancer studies, multiple differentially expressed lncRNAs have been identified; several lncRNAs were identified as oncogenic lncRNAs with tumor-driving effects, while other lncRNAs play a role in tumor inhibition and are called tumor-suppressive lncRNAs. These tumor-suppressive lncRNAs are involved in multiple physiological processes such as cell proliferation, apoptosis, and metastasis and thus participate in tumor progression. In this review, we discussed the oncogenic and tumor-suppressive lncRNAs in lung cancer, as well as their biological functions and regulatory mechanisms. Furthermore, we found the potential significance of lncRNAs in clinical diagnosis and treatment.
肺癌是全球癌症相关死亡的主要原因。由于早期诊断困难且缺乏有效的治疗策略，肺癌的5年生存率仍然很低。随着全基因组和转录组测序技术的发展，长链非编码RNA（lncRNA）受到越来越多的关注。lncRNAs在表观遗传、转录和转录后水平上调节基因表达，并广泛参与包括肿瘤发生在内的多种疾病。在肺癌研究中，已经鉴定出多种差异表达的lncRNAs；一些lncRNAs被鉴定为具有肿瘤驱动作用的致癌lncRNAs，而其他lncRNAs则在肿瘤抑制中发挥作用，被称为肿瘤抑制性lncRNAs。这些肿瘤抑制性lncRNAs参与细胞增殖、凋亡和转移等多个生理过程，从而参与肿瘤进展。在这篇综述中，我们讨论了肺癌中的致癌和肿瘤抑制性lncRNAs，以及它们的生物学功能和调控机制。此外，我们发现了lncRNAs在临床诊断和治疗中的潜在意义。
