Department of Clinical, Educational and Health Psychology, UCL, London, UK.
Division of Medicine, Faculty of Medical Sciences, UCL, London, UK.
Eur Eat Disord Rev. 2020 Jan;28(1):3-25. doi: 10.1002/erv.2711. Epub 2019 Dec 2.
The theoretical model by Petrie and Greenleaf (2007, 2012) is an admirable attempt to collate the causal factors of disordered eating in athletes. The aims of this systematic review are (a) to provide an overview of the findings from the relevant literature, (b) to assess whether the model is supported by the existing research, (c) to evaluate the different designs, methods, and measures used to test the mediators in the model, and (d) to highlight areas for improvements and future research.
A systematic review of four major online databases identified 37 relevant papers on risk factors of disordered eating in athletes, which were reviewed and critically compared with the theoretical model.
There is a lack of longitudinal research with the relevant mediators in athlete populations, which makes it difficult to determine whether the potential mediators described by Petrie and Greenleaf are causal risk factors rather than simply correlates of disordered eating for athletes. Findings for all the potential mediators are inconsistent, and the range of measures used makes it problematic to draw conclusions.
Future research needs to use gold standard measures and longitudinal designs in order to fully test and possibly update the model.
Petrie 和 Greenleaf（2007、2012 年）的理论模型是对运动员饮食失调的因果因素进行整理的一次令人钦佩的尝试。本系统评价的目的是：(a) 概述相关文献的发现，(b) 评估现有研究是否支持该模型，(c) 评估用于检验模型中介因素的不同设计、方法和措施，以及 (d) 突出改进和未来研究的领域。
对四个主要在线数据库进行系统回顾，确定了 37 篇关于运动员饮食失调风险因素的相关论文，对这些论文进行了回顾和批判性比较，并与理论模型进行了比较。
运动员群体中缺乏相关中介因素的纵向研究，这使得难以确定 Petrie 和 Greenleaf 所描述的潜在中介因素是否是运动员饮食失调的因果风险因素，而不仅仅是饮食失调的简单相关因素。所有潜在中介因素的研究结果不一致，使用的测量范围使得难以得出结论。
未来的研究需要使用黄金标准的测量方法和纵向设计，以充分检验并可能更新该模型。
