Departamento de Tecnología Agroalimentaria, Grupo Calidad y Seguridad Alimentaria (CSA), Escuela Politécnica Superior de Orihuela (EPSO), Universidad Miguel Hernández de Elche (UMH), Carretera de Beniel, km 3,2. 03312-Orihuela, Alicante, Spain.
Departamento de Investigación y Posgrado en Alimentos, Universidad de Sonora, Apartado Postal 1658, Hermosillo, Sonora 83000, Mexico.
Molecules. 2019 Nov 29;24(23):4362. doi: 10.3390/molecules24234362.
Pistachio nuts are included among the foods with the highest antioxidant capacity. Stressed cultivating conditions, such as the use of regulated deficit irrigation (RDI), are expected to create a plant response that might increase the production of secondary metabolites. Fruits that are obtained under RDI treatments are commonly called hydroSOS products. The aim of this work was to study the influence of using different rootstocks (, , and ) and two RDI treatments on the antioxidant (ABTS, ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP), and DPPH), antimutagenic (Ames test), and cytotoxicity (MTT assay in five human cell lines) activities of pistachios. showed the best antioxidant activity, and the RDI treatments maintained and improved the antioxidant properties of pistachios. Neither the rootstock nor the RDI had significant impact on the antimutagenic potential of pistachios. The nut extracts had no toxic effect on non-cancerous cells and the application of RDI did not reduce their cytoprotective capacity. Furthermore, neither rootstock nor RDI treatments affected the ability of the pistachio extracts of preventing the oxidative damage by HO. The application of RDI strategies, in addition to allowing irrigation water saving, led to obtaining pistachios with the same or even better biofunctional characteristics as compared to fully irrigated pistachios.
开心果属于抗氧化能力最强的食物之一。调控亏缺灌溉（RDI）等胁迫栽培条件预计会引发植物响应，从而可能增加次生代谢产物的生成。在 RDI 处理下获得的果实通常被称为水胁迫产品。本研究的目的是研究使用不同砧木（、、和）和两种 RDI 处理对开心果的抗氧化（ABTS、铁还原抗氧化能力（FRAP）和 DPPH）、抗突变（Ames 试验）和细胞毒性（MTT 测定法在五个人类细胞系）活性的影响。表现出最佳的抗氧化活性，而 RDI 处理维持并提高了开心果的抗氧化特性。砧木和 RDI 都没有对开心果的抗突变潜力产生显著影响。坚果提取物对非癌细胞没有毒性作用，RDI 的应用也没有降低其细胞保护能力。此外，砧木和 RDI 处理都不会影响开心果提取物预防 HO 引起的氧化损伤的能力。除了可以节省灌溉用水之外，RDI 策略的应用还可以获得与充分灌溉的开心果具有相同甚至更好的生物功能特性的开心果。
