Kim Kwanghyun, Jung Sun Jae, Cho So Mi Jemma, Park Ji Hye, Kim Hyeon Chang
Department of Preventive Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA.
J Prev Med Public Health. 2019 Nov;52(6):366-376. doi: 10.3961/jpmph.19.114. Epub 2019 Oct 24.
The relationships among discrimination, social support, and mental health have mostly been studied in minorities, and relevant studies in the general population are lacking. We aimed to investigate associations between discrimination and depressive symptoms in Korean non-minority young adults, considering the role of social support.
In total, 372 participants who completed the psychological examinations conducted in the third wave of the Jangseong High School Cohort study were included. We used the Everyday Discrimination Scale to evaluate perceived discrimination and the Beck Depression Inventory-II to measure depressive symptoms. Social support was measured by the Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support. Multivariate linear regression was conducted to investigate associations between discrimination and depression, along with the effect modification of social support. We stratified the population by gender to investigate gender differences.
Perceived discrimination was significantly associated with depressive symptoms (β=0.736, p<0.001), and social support was negatively associated with depression (β=-0.245, p<0.001). In men, support from friends was the most influential factor (β=-0.631, p=0.011), but no significant effect modification was found. In women, support from family was the most influential factor (β=-0.440, p=0.010), and women with higher familial support showed a significantly diminished association between discrimination and depression, unlike those with lower family support.
Discrimination perceived by individuals can lead to depressive symptoms in Korean young adults, and this relationship can may differ by gender and social support status.
歧视、社会支持和心理健康之间的关系大多在少数群体中进行了研究，而在普通人群中的相关研究较少。我们旨在探讨韩国非少数族裔青年成年人中歧视与抑郁症状之间的关联，并考虑社会支持的作用。
总共纳入了372名完成了长兴高中队列研究第三波心理检查的参与者。我们使用日常歧视量表来评估感知到的歧视，并使用贝克抑郁量表第二版来测量抑郁症状。社会支持通过多维感知社会支持量表进行测量。进行多元线性回归以研究歧视与抑郁之间的关联以及社会支持的效应修正。我们按性别对人群进行分层以调查性别差异。
感知到的歧视与抑郁症状显著相关（β = 0.736，p < 0.001），社会支持与抑郁呈负相关（β = -0.245，p < 0.001）。在男性中，来自朋友的支持是最有影响的因素（β = -0.631，p = 0.011），但未发现显著的效应修正。在女性中，来自家庭的支持是最有影响的因素（β = -0.440，p = 0.010），与家庭支持较低的女性不同，家庭支持较高的女性中歧视与抑郁之间的关联显著减弱。
个体感知到的歧视会导致韩国青年成年人出现抑郁症状，这种关系可能因性别和社会支持状况而异。
