School of Population and Public Health, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada.
Prostate Cancer Supportive Care Clinic, Vancouver Prostate Centre, Vancouver General Hospital, Diamond Healthcare Centre, Vancouver, BC, Canada.
Eur J Cancer Care (Engl). 2020 Jan;29(1):e13193. doi: 10.1111/ecc.13193. Epub 2019 Dec 3.
Diet and physical activity changes have been shown to improve quality of life and health outcomes for prostate cancer (PC) survivors; however, few survivors make lifestyle changes. We aimed to identify PC-specific facilitators and barriers to dietary and physical activity changes and participation in survivorship-based lifestyle management programmes.
A scoping review investigating facilitators and barriers of PC survivor's participation in lifestyle management programmes was conducted in June 2018. A total of 454 studies were identified, 45 studies were assessed in full, and 16 were included in the scoping review.
Barriers to lifestyle change included perceived lack of evidence for lifestyle guidelines, treatment side effects, perception of change as unnecessary, time pressure and age. Facilitators for lifestyle change included advice from health professionals, support systems (family and peer), diagnosis as a time for change, lifestyle as a coping strategy to manage side effects and improve well-being.
Health professionals, peers and family have a significant role in lifestyle management for PC survivors to facilitate engagement. Specific and clear messaging of the benefits of lifestyle management is warranted. Treatment-related side effects, time pressure, current health perception and age should be considered when developing lifestyle management programmes for PC survivors.
饮食和体育活动的改变已被证明可以提高前列腺癌（PC）幸存者的生活质量和健康结果；然而，很少有幸存者会改变生活方式。我们旨在确定与 PC 相关的饮食和体育活动改变以及参与基于生存的生活方式管理计划的促进因素和障碍。
2018 年 6 月，我们进行了一项范围性审查，以调查 PC 幸存者参与生活方式管理计划的促进因素和障碍。共确定了 454 项研究，对 45 项研究进行了全面评估，有 16 项研究纳入了范围性审查。
改变生活方式的障碍包括对生活方式指南缺乏证据、治疗副作用、认为改变不必要、时间压力和年龄。改变生活方式的促进因素包括健康专业人员的建议、支持系统（家庭和同伴）、将诊断视为改变的时机、将生活方式作为应对副作用和改善健康的策略。
健康专业人员、同伴和家人在 PC 幸存者的生活方式管理中起着重要作用，可以促进他们的参与。有必要明确传达生活方式管理的益处。在为 PC 幸存者制定生活方式管理计划时，应考虑与治疗相关的副作用、时间压力、当前健康认知和年龄。
