Endocrinology, University of Vermont Medical Center, Burlington, Vermont, USA
Internal Medicine, University of Vermont Medical Center, Burlington, Vermont, USA.
Postgrad Med J. 2020 Mar;96(1133):156-161. doi: 10.1136/postgradmedj-2019-137186. Epub 2019 Dec 4.
Glucagon-like peptide 1 receptor agonists (GLP-1 RAs) are emerging as an important therapy to consider for patients with type 2 diabetes (T2D) given this class of treatment's ability to reduce glycated haemoglobin and their associated weight loss and low risk for hypoglycaemia. Additionally, seven cardiovascular outcomes trials (CVOTs) have been performed in the past 4 years using lixisenatide, liraglutide, semaglutide, exenatide, albiglutide, dulaglutide and oral semaglutide. All have found non-inferiority for cardiovascular outcomes, with many finding superiority of these drugs. These findings have transformed our guidelines on pharmacological treatment of T2D. This review article will discuss GLP-1 RA therapy, review the seven CVOTs reported to date and discuss the implications on current guidelines and therapies going forward.
胰高血糖素样肽 1 受体激动剂 (GLP-1 RAs) 正成为治疗 2 型糖尿病 (T2D) 的重要选择，因为这类治疗方法能够降低糖化血红蛋白，减轻体重，且低血糖风险低。此外，在过去 4 年中，使用利西那肽、利拉鲁肽、司美格鲁肽、艾塞那肽、阿必鲁肽、度拉糖肽和口服司美格鲁肽进行了 7 项心血管结局试验 (CVOTs)。所有这些试验都发现心血管结局无差异，许多试验发现这些药物具有优越性。这些发现改变了我们对 T2D 药物治疗的指南。本文将讨论 GLP-1 RA 治疗，回顾迄今为止报告的 7 项 CVOT，并讨论对当前指南和治疗方法的影响。
