Università Ca' Foscari, Dipartimento di Scienze Ambientali, Informatica e Statistica, Venezia, 30175, Italy.
Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Istituto di Scienze Marine, Venezia, 30122, Italy.
Sci Rep. 2019 Dec 12;9(1):19014. doi: 10.1038/s41598-019-55238-z.
We analyse the impact of ship traffic in the vicinity of navigation channels in a wide shallow waterbody. The crucial hydrodynamic driver in this situation is the depression (Bernoulli) wake that may be transferred into a long-living solitary wave of depression over the shoals. The analysis considers navigation channels in the Venice Lagoon using a new large dataset of approximately 600 measured wake events associated to specific ships whose data are provided by the AIS system. Since the development of the modern industrial port and the opening of the Malamocco-Marghera channel in the late 1960s, growing pressure on the lagoon caused by ship traffic has raised concerns about its physical integrity and habitat survival. The transit of large vessels has been shown to have serious impacts on the shallow water areas adjacent to waterways. Depression wakes created by such vessels can reach significant dimensions (water level dropdown of up to 2.45 m at the channel margin), causing unusually large retreat rates of several sections of the shoreline and which may adversely affect the lagoon morphology. The wakes are analysed in relation to ship and morphological parameters. A formulation is proposed to predict wake amplitude on the basis of ship characteristics and motion.
我们分析了航道附近船舶交通对宽阔浅水域的影响。在这种情况下，关键的水动力驱动因素是减压（贝努利）尾流，它可能会在浅滩上转移成一个长期存在的减压孤立波。该分析使用了大约 600 个与特定船只相关的测量尾流事件的新大数据集来考虑威尼斯泻湖的航道，这些数据是由 AIS 系统提供的。自 20 世纪 60 年代末现代工业港口和马拉莫科-马尔盖拉航道的开通以来，船舶交通对泻湖造成的日益增长的压力引起了人们对其物理完整性和栖息地生存的关注。大型船舶的过境已被证明对水道附近的浅水区域有严重影响。此类船只产生的减压尾流可达显著尺寸（航道边缘的水位下降高达 2.45 米），导致部分海岸线的异常大的后退率，这可能会对泻湖形态产生不利影响。尾流与船舶和形态参数有关。提出了一种基于船舶特征和运动来预测尾流幅度的公式。
