Department of Life Sciences, School of Life Sciences, Central University of Tamil Nadu, Thiruvarur, 610005, India.
Dr. B. Borooah Cancer Institute, A. K. Azad Road, Gopinath Nagar, Guwahati, Assam, 781016, India.
Arch Microbiol. 2020 May;202(4):785-805. doi: 10.1007/s00203-019-01790-1. Epub 2019 Dec 12.
The highest number (35.1% of global incident cases) of new oropharyngeal (OP) and hypopharyngeal (HP) cancer cases was reported in South-Central Asia. The highest incidence of HP cancer in India was reported in East Khasi Hills District of Meghalaya, Aizawl District of Mizoram, and Kamrup Urban District of Assam. HP and OP cancer showed the highest mortality rate, worst prognoses and the highest rate of nodal metastases and distant metastases. Thus, research is required to detect specific biomarkers for early prevention and diagnosis for these cancers. Oral microbiome signatures in saliva are considered as a potential diagnostic biomarker for OP and HP cancer. Bacterial profile alterations in OP and HP cancer have not been reported in India population, to establish the association of oral bacteria in the progression of OP and HP cancer; we studied bacterial communities in saliva of eight OP and seven HP cancer patients as compared to healthy controls using 16S rRNA V3-V4 region sequencing. The higher abundance of Haemophilus parainfluenzae, Haemophilus influenzae and Prevotella copri and lower abundance of Rothia mucilaginosa, Aggregatibacter segnis, Veillonella dispar, Prevotella nanceiensis, Rothia aeria, Capnocytophaga ochracea, Neisseria bacilliformis, Prevotella nigrescens and Selenomonas noxia in saliva of OP and HP cancer patients may be considered as a non-invasive diagnostic biomarker for OP and HP cancer patients. Streptococcus anginosus may be considered as a non-invasive diagnostic biomarker for OP cancer patients only. Therefore, evaluation of salivary microbial biomarkers may be informative to understand the pathobiology and carcinogenesis of OP and HP cancer.
全球新的口咽（OP）和下咽（HP）癌症病例中数量最多（占全球病例的 35.1%）的报告发生在南亚。印度 HP 癌症发病率最高的地区是梅加拉亚邦的东卡西希希尔区、米佐拉姆邦的艾藻尔区和阿萨姆邦的卡姆鲁普城区。HP 和 OP 癌症的死亡率最高，预后最差，淋巴结转移和远处转移的比例也最高。因此，需要研究来发现这些癌症的特定生物标志物，以便早期预防和诊断。唾液中的口腔微生物组特征被认为是 OP 和 HP 癌症的潜在诊断生物标志物。印度人群中尚未报道 OP 和 HP 癌症的细菌特征改变，为了确定口腔细菌在 OP 和 HP 癌症进展中的作用；我们研究了 8 例 OP 和 7 例 HP 癌症患者以及健康对照者的唾液中的细菌群落，使用 16S rRNA V3-V4 区测序。与健康对照组相比，OP 和 HP 癌症患者唾液中 Haemophilus parainfluenzae、Haemophilus influenzae 和 Prevotella copri 的丰度较高，而 Rothia mucilaginosa、Aggregatibacter segnis、Veillonella dispar、Prevotella nanceiensis、Rothia aeria、Capnocytophaga ochracea、Neisseria bacilliformis、Prevotella nigrescens 和 Selenomonas noxia 的丰度较低，这些可能被认为是 OP 和 HP 癌症患者的非侵入性诊断生物标志物。唾液中的 Streptococcus anginosus 可能被认为是 OP 癌症患者的非侵入性诊断生物标志物。因此，评估唾液微生物生物标志物可能有助于了解 OP 和 HP 癌症的病理生物学和癌变。
