Faculty of Medicine and Medical Sciences, Holy Spirit University of Kaslik (USEK), Jounieh, Lebanon.
INSPECT-LB: Institut National de Sante Publique, Epidemiologie Clinique et Toxicologie, Beirut, Lebanon.
Environ Sci Pollut Res Int. 2020 Feb;27(4):4390-4403. doi: 10.1007/s11356-019-06961-7. Epub 2019 Dec 12.
Explore whether waterpipe dependence in young Lebanese adults would have any effect on modifying the association between risk conception, attitude, and other risky behaviors. A cross-sectional study was carried out using a proportionate cluster sample of Lebanese university students (3384 students). Waterpipe dependence was associated with higher association of alcohol dependence and cigarette dependence by 76.7% and higher excitement for dangerous behaviors by 7.1%. It was significantly associated with increased association of cigarette dependence and alcohol dependence by 66.8%, with the thinking of a behavior of being not dangerous by 239%, with having motives for risky behaviors by 74.1%, with ever having unsafe sex by 111.74%, and between having motives for risky behaviors and ever having unsafe sex by 61.95%. Waterpipe dependence was associated with higher motives, excitement, and perception of risk and risky behaviors, namely cigarette dependence, alcohol dependence, and unsafe sex. Moreover, it was associated with higher risky behavior interdependence.
探讨黎巴嫩年轻成年人的水烟依赖是否会影响改变风险观念、态度和其他风险行为之间的关联。本研究采用黎巴嫩大学生比例聚类样本进行了一项横断面研究（3384 名学生）。水烟依赖与更高的酒精依赖和香烟依赖的关联有关，关联度增加了 76.7%，对危险行为的兴奋感增加了 7.1%。水烟依赖与更高的香烟依赖和酒精依赖关联有关，关联度增加了 66.8%，认为行为不危险的想法增加了 239%，有冒险行为动机的比例增加了 74.1%，有过不安全性行为的比例增加了 111.74%，有冒险行为动机和有过不安全性行为之间的关联增加了 61.95%。水烟依赖与更高的动机、兴奋感和风险感知以及风险行为（即香烟依赖、酒精依赖和不安全性行为）有关。此外，它还与更高的风险行为相互依存性有关。
