Department of Ecology, Institute for Biological Research 'Siniša Stanković', University of Belgrade, Bulevar despota Stefana, Belgrade, 142, Serbia.
Faculty of Biology, Institute of Botany and Botanical Garden 'Jevremovac', University of Belgrade, Takovska 43, Belgrade, 11000, Serbia.
Environ Sci Pollut Res Int. 2020 Feb;27(4):4309-4324. doi: 10.1007/s11356-019-07173-9. Epub 2019 Dec 12.
The use of trees to immobilise potentially toxic elements (PTEs) is a low-cost and effective method of soil remediation. Thus, the objective of this study was to assess the content of total and bioavailable As, Cd, Cr, Cu, Ni, Pb and Zn in soil samples, as well as their levels in the roots and leaves of elm (Ulmus glabra Huds.) in order to evaluate its potential for the phytostabilisation of PTEs in the riparian zone of the Sava River. Analysis of soils showed that the availability of PTEs ranged from low to medium, while the pollution load index (PLI) and potential ecological risk index (RI) showed that the examined soil fell into the category of uncontaminated to moderately contaminated, as well as into the category of low risk of PTEs contamination. However, the levels of Cr, Cu and Ni in soils were above the critical range for plants. The content of As and Cr measured in roots and leaves was in the toxic range for plants, while the content of Cd and Ni was elevated but not in the toxic range. Bioaccumulation (BCF) and translocation (TF) factors indicated that U. glabra is suitable for the phytostabilisation of As, Cu, Cr, Ni and Pb. Additionally, this species displayed the ability to transport most of the acquired Cu and Zn to the leaves. Correlation analysis showed that PTE content in U. glabra roots was significantly positively correlated to their respective levels in soil (total and DTPA-extractable), except for Cu, indicating that PTE levels in soil strongly influence those in plants. This research into a successful phytoremediating species provides new possibilities when selecting PTE-tolerant native trees in riparian zones of large regional rivers such as the Sava.
利用树木固定潜在有毒元素（PTEs）是一种低成本、有效的土壤修复方法。因此，本研究的目的是评估河岸带萨瓦河土壤样本中总态和有效态砷、镉、铬、铜、镍、铅和锌的含量，以及它们在榆树（Ulmus glabra Huds.）根和叶中的水平，以评估其对 PTEs 的植物稳定潜力。土壤分析表明，PTEs 的生物有效性从低到中不等，而污染负荷指数（PLI）和潜在生态风险指数（RI）表明，所研究的土壤属于无污染到中度污染，以及 PTEs 污染低风险的类别。然而，土壤中 Cr、Cu 和 Ni 的含量高于植物的临界范围。根和叶中测量的 As 和 Cr 含量对植物具有毒性，而 Cd 和 Ni 的含量升高但未达到毒性范围。生物积累（BCF）和转运（TF）因子表明，U. glabra 适合于 As、Cu、Cr、Ni 和 Pb 的植物稳定。此外，该物种还表现出将大部分吸收的 Cu 和 Zn 转运到叶子的能力。相关性分析表明，U. glabra 根中 PTE 的含量与土壤中相应的总态和 DTPA 可提取态水平呈显著正相关，除了 Cu 以外，这表明土壤中 PTE 的水平强烈影响植物中的 PTE 含量。这项对成功的植物修复物种的研究为在萨瓦等大型区域河流的河岸带选择 PTE 耐受的本地树种提供了新的可能性。
