Yap Chee Kong, Yaacob Aziran, Tan Wen Siang, Al-Mutairi Khalid Awadh, Cheng Wan Hee, Wong Koe Wei, Berandah Edward Franklin, Ismail Mohamad Saupi, You Chen-Feng, Chew Weiyun, Nulit Rosimah, Ibrahim Mohd Hafiz, Amin Bintal, Sharifinia Moslem
Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang 43400 UPM, Selangor, Malaysia.
Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang 43400 UPM, Selangor, Malaysia.
Biology (Basel). 2022 Mar 1;11(3):389. doi: 10.3390/biology11030389.
Human health risk and phytoremediation of potentially toxic metals (PTMs) in the edible vegetables have been widely discussed recently. This study aimed to determine the concentrations of four PTMs, namely Cd, Fe, Ni, and Zn) in Amaranthus viridis (leaves, stems, and roots) collected from 11 sampling sites in Peninsular Malaysia and to assess their human health risk (HHR). In general, the metal levels followed the order: roots > stems > leaves. The metal concentrations (µg/g) in the leaves of A. viridis ranged from 0.45 to 2.18 dry weight (dw) (0.05−0.26 wet weight (ww)), 74.8 to 535 dw (8.97−64.2 ww), 2.02 to 7.45 dw (0.24−0.89 ww), and 65.2 to 521 dw (7.83−62.6 ww), for Cd, Fe, Ni, and Zn, respectively. The positive relationships between the metals, the plant parts, and the geochemical factions of their habitat topsoils indicated the potential of A. viridis as a good biomonitor of Cd, Fe, and Ni pollution. With most of the values of the bioconcentration factor (BCF) > 1.0 and the transfer factor (TF) > 1.0, A. viridis was a very promising phytoextraction agent of Ni and Zn. Additionally, with most of the values of BCF > 1.0 and TF < 1.0, A. viridis was a very promising phytostabiliser of Cd and Fe. With respect to HHR, the target hazard quotients (THQ) for Cd, Fe, Pb, and Zn in the leaves of A. viridis were all below 1.00, indicating there were no non-carcinogenic risks of the four metals to consumers, including children and adults. Nevertheless, routine monitoring of PTMs in Amaranthus farms is much needed.
近年来，食用蔬菜中潜在有毒金属（PTMs）对人体健康的风险以及植物修复作用已得到广泛讨论。本研究旨在测定从马来西亚半岛11个采样点采集的绿穗苋（叶、茎和根）中四种PTMs，即镉（Cd）、铁（Fe）、镍（Ni）和锌（Zn）的含量，并评估其对人体健康的风险（HHR）。总体而言，金属含量顺序为：根＞茎＞叶。绿穗苋叶片中金属浓度（μg/g）分别为：镉0.45至2.18干重（dw）（0.05−0.26湿重（ww））、铁74.8至535 dw（8.97−64.2 ww）、镍2.02至7.45 dw（0.24−0.89 ww）、锌65.2至521 dw（7.83−62.6 ww）。金属、植物部位及其栖息地表土地球化学组分之间的正相关关系表明，绿穗苋有潜力成为镉、铁和镍污染的良好生物监测器。由于大多数生物富集系数（BCF）＞1.0且转运系数（TF）＞1.0，绿穗苋是一种非常有前景的镍和锌植物提取剂。此外，由于大多数BCF＞1.0且TF＜1.0，绿穗苋是一种非常有前景的镉和铁植物稳定化剂。关于人体健康风险，绿穗苋叶片中镉、铁、铅和锌的目标危害商（THQ）均低于1.00，表明这四种金属对包括儿童和成人在内的消费者不存在非致癌风险。尽管如此，仍非常需要对绿穗苋种植场中的PTMs进行常规监测。
