Department of Plant Breeding and Biotechnology, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Zabol, Bonjar Rd, Zabol, Sistan and Baluchestan provice, Iran.
Department of Seed and Plant Improvement Research, Fars Agriculture and Natural Resources Research and Education Center, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Shiraz, Iran.
Genes Genomics. 2020 Mar;42(3):245-261. doi: 10.1007/s13258-019-00895-7. Epub 2019 Dec 12.
Biomass yield is an important trait for wheat breeding programs. Enhancing the yield of the aerial components of wheat cultivars will be an integral part of future wheat improvement. Aluminum (Al) toxicity is one of the main factors limiting wheat growth and production in acid soils, which occur on up to 50% of the arable lands of the world especially in tropical and subtropical regions.
Our objective was to identify quantitative trait loci (QTL) of plant growth characteristics and yield in wheat.
A recombinant inbred line (RIL) population consisting of 167 lines, derived from a cross between SeriM82 and Babax were evaluated under two Al treatments (+ Al, 800 µM of Al; -Al, 0 µM of Al) in the field based on an alpha lattice design with two replications for two consecutive crop seasons.
A total of 40 QTLs including nine putative and 31 suggestive QTLs were found for all traits using the composite interval mapping (CIM) method. By mixed model-based composite interval mapping (MCIM) method, 42 additive QTLs and nine pairs of epistatic effects were detected for studied traits, of which 20 additive and six pairs of epistatic QTLs showed significant QTL × environment interactions. Most of the detected QTLs across environments were stable, and the highest number of stable QTLs was related to A genome. Co-localization of QTL was found on linkage groups (LGs) 2B, 4B, 6A-a, and 7A (CIM method) and 2A-d, and 6A-a (MCIM method).
These results have implications for selection strategies in biomass yield and for increasing the yield of the aerial part of wheat following further evaluations in various genetic backgrounds and environments.
生物量产量是小麦育种计划的一个重要特征。提高小麦品种空中部分的产量将是未来小麦改良的一个组成部分。铝（Al）毒性是酸性土壤中限制小麦生长和生产的主要因素之一，酸性土壤占世界耕地的 50%左右，特别是在热带和亚热带地区。
我们的目的是鉴定小麦生长特性和产量的数量性状基因座（QTL）。
使用基于阿尔法格子设计的田间试验，在两个连续的作物季节中进行了两次重复，利用 SeriM82 和 Babax 杂交产生的 167 个重组自交系（RIL）群体，在有（+Al，800µM Al）和无 Al（-Al，0µM Al）两种 Al 处理下进行评估。
使用复合区间作图（CIM）法，共发现了 40 个与所有性状相关的 QTL，包括 9 个假定 QTL 和 31 个提示 QTL。通过基于混合模型的复合区间作图（MCIM）法，检测到了 42 个加性 QTL 和 9 对上位性效应，用于研究性状，其中 20 个加性和 6 对上位性 QTL 表现出显著的 QTL×环境互作。大多数在不同环境下检测到的 QTL 是稳定的，数量最多的稳定 QTL 与 A 基因组有关。在连锁群（LG）2B、4B、6A-a 和 7A（CIM 法）和 2A-d、6A-a（MCIM 法）上发现了 QTL 的共定位。
这些结果对于在不同遗传背景和环境下选择生物量产量和增加小麦空中部分产量的策略具有重要意义。
